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Cardiology > Pharmacology > Flashcards

Pharmacology Flashcards

0
Q

Ronalazine

A

Increase QT but prevents afib and Vtach

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1
Q

Nitrates

A

Forms NO with increase guanylate cyclase
Venodilation
Smooth muscle relaxation
Does not need intact endothelium

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2
Q

Cogent trial

A

No difference in event rates with plavix even when you add omeprazole

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3
Q

Plavix

A 
Incomplete  blockade of p2y12 receptor
85% inactive
 98%  reversibly bound to plasma
Anti platelet effect 2 hours after loading dose
Need to be metabolized to be active
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4
Q

Prasugrel

A

Avoid in TIA age>75

Weight <70ibs

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5
Q

Ticagrelor

A

Use only 100mg Asa
Shorter acting reversible
Don’t use in liver failure
Asthma like reaction

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6
Q

Abcixab

A

Severe thrombocytopenia
Don’t start in the ER
Only for pci use

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7
Q

Eptifibatide

A

Safe non imminogenic

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8
Q

Strptokinase

A

Highly antigenic

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9
Q

tPA non antigenic

Specific boy more bleeding

A

TNK longer half life

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10
Q

Dabigatran

A

Reversible thrombin inhibitor
Kidney
Amiodarone increase the dose by 50%

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11
Q

Riveroxaban

A 
Take with food
Reversible Xa
Do not use in renal failure 
Dialysible
Don't use with statins, ketoconazol
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12
Q

Apixaban

A

Use in RF

Aristotle study

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13
Q

Procan

A

Lupus
Don’t use in RF and CHF
Agranulocytosis

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14
Q

Disopyrimide

A

Works in HOCM

Can work in sinus Brady

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15
Q

Lidocaine

A

Dizziness seizures

CHF and hepatic

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16
Q

Flecanide

A

Depresses rapid upstroke of AP, slows conduction
Negative ionotropic
Donot use in ischemic heart disease
Worsens arrhythmias in 5-25%

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17
Q

Propafenone

A 
Negative ionotropy 
Some beta blockade 
Worsens CHF 
Bronchospasm 
Pro arrhythmic in 5%
Very effective in PVC therapy
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18
Q

Sotolol

A

Do not use in RF prolongs QT torsades

CHF

19
Q

Defetolide

A 
Class 3 prolongs repolarization 
Terminates afib flutter 
Safe in CHF and mi 
Torsades 
Keep in the hospital fir 3 days
DC if QTc>500
Cyp3A4 verapamil statin dabi erythromycin
20
Q

Amio

A

Guide lines do not ask for pfts
3-4% thyroid
Every one have corneal deposits has no significance
?optic neuritis German study think it’s coincidence

21
Q

Thiazides

A

Ca excretion to prevent calcium stones
Increase sodi excretion followed by potassium secretion
Works on pct

22
Q

Thiazides

A

Metolazone 10x more potent than hctz

Chlorthalidone long half life and constant effect on pct
2x more effective than thiazides
Both cause hypokalemia

23
Q

Thiazides

A

Hupokakemia
Torsades
Can usually use in sulfa allergy

24
Q

Loop diuretic

A

Ethacrynic acid no sulfa
Each molecule controls 4 molecules of water
Butemide torsemide liver excretion
More bio available
Use if lasix fails and in right heart failure

25
Q

Side effects of loop diuretics

A

Abnormal lips
Hyper glycemic
Ototoxic ethacrynic acid

26
Q

Spiranolactone

A

Gyneconastia
RF
Starting dose shoukd be 50mg to be effective
Use loop or metolazone

27
Q

Beta blockers mi

A

No iv

28
Q

Highest B1 blocker

A

Nebivolol which also releases NO

Next is bisoprolol

Metoprolol causes vasoconstriction by switching to alpha

29
Q

CHF

A

Do not use
Pindalol
Or acebutalol both + ISA

30
Q

CHF and dibutamine

A

Comet study
Coreg.markedly reduces dibutamine response
Lopressor only slightly inhibitory

Coreg less well tolerated in asthma

31
Q

Acei

A 
Ccb induced edema
Cough 8-20%
Angio edema more in blacks
Elevated Cr.
Need salt and volume control 
Works better with diuretics
RF in Hypovolemia CHF bilateral Renal stenosis
32
Q

Acei cough

A

Bradykinin and substance p

33
Q

Ace escape

A

Increase AT2

34
Q

CCB

A

Effective in blacks DM elderly
Reduces stroke risk
BP lowering with NSAIDs and salt

35
Q

Alpha blocker

A

Ortho static hypotension

Worsening of The CHF

36
Q

Pregnancy

A

No Lipitor

37
Q

Statins

A

Hepatic 2%

Myositis >10x 0.4%

38
Q

Bile acids

A

Reduce the absorption but liver increase the production

39
Q

Zetia

A

Decrease cholesterol absorption and works repeatedly

No increSe in TG

40
Q

Niacin

A

You need shorter acting niacin

Liver need niacin free time

41
Q

Pregnancy

A

Gemfibrozil is ok not metformin of fenofibrate

42
Q

Dig CHF

A

Reduced hospitalization not mortality

43
Q

Aha guide lines

A 
30% cal from fat
55% from carb
15% from protein 
Less than 10% from sat fat
Less than 300 mg cholesterol per day
44
Q 
Fish oil
ALA
Anti arrhythmic
Anti thrombotic 
Increase NO
Reduce atherosclerosis
A

Use post mi

Cardiology (18 decks)

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