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Cardiology > Ep > Flashcards

Ep Flashcards

0
Q

Post mi arrhythmia a are

A

Re entrant variety

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1
Q

SSS

A

Complete heart block is not part of it

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2
Q

Ead and dad

A

EAD triggered activity bradycardia torsades.

dAD. Digitixicity

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3
Q

Critical part of reentry circuit is

A

Slow conduction

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4
Q

Pro can challenge

A

Help ful in brugada and quinidine may be the treatment

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5
Q

Signal average EKG

A

Slow conduction from scar s/p mi

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6
Q

Cardiac action potential

A 
Phase O I Na
Phase 1 I to
Phase 2 I kr, I ca, I k
Phase 3 I ks
Phase 4 I Na, I ca
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7
Q

Procan challenge

A

H P disease,and brugada

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8
Q

CRT indication

A

Class 1 EF150

Class2 same with qrs >120

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9
Q

Syncope

A

1-3% ER admits and 6% hospitalizations
3-5 sec hypoperfusion can cause syncope
Carotid hypersensitivity > 3 sec pause

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10
Q

Dabigatran

A

Less ich more GI bleed

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11
Q

Antiarrhythmic statagies

A

Decrease automaticity phase 4
Decrease conduction velocity phase 0
Change refractory period phase 2&3

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12
Q

BB and ca blockers

A

Effect k and ca phase 4 so they are week

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13
Q

Lidocaine be cautious

A

CHF and hepatic dysfunction

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14
Q

Dronedarone

A

Do not use in CHF and permanent afib
Pallas study.
Athena was good out come with afib

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15
Q

Adenosine can cause

A

Afib

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16
Q

Adenosine

A

Avnrt/avet terminated
Focal AT av block increases do not usually terminate
Afib/ flutter unmask AF av block increases

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17
Q

High chad score

A

Need anticoagulation even if the pt is in NSR

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18
Q

AFFIRM

A

Rate control and rhythm control both are equal

19
Q

New anti coagulants

A

Dabi direct thrombin RE-LY study
Rivaroxaban Xa rocket study

Apixaban Xa. Aristotle study

20
Q

AF ablation
Success 60-80%
Repeat 80%

A

Symptoms
Paroxysmal AF
LA < 5 cm
No CHF copd sleep apnea

21
Q

Ischemic heart disease

A

Amio

Difetilide

22
Q

Svt

A

At is automatic

Avnrt/ avrt are reentrant

23
Q

AVNRT

A

Fast And slow pathways
Simultaneous AV activation

pseudo R waves

24
Q

AVRT

A

WPW
Orthodromic - down AV
Antideomic - retrograde through AV

25
Q

AT

A

Originate in at risk tissue without AV node, purkinje system or Accessary pathway starting or maintaining it.
Could be multi focal MAT

26
Q

Idiopathic out flow VT

A

cAMP mediated triggered
Caffein stress exercise
LBBB with inferior axis
Beta blockers

27
Q

Transplant

A 
Higher baseline sinus rate
Sinus node dysfunction in half the patients
PVC PAC 60% normal
RBBB could be from biopsies 70%
AV block uncommon could be rejection 
VT/VF mean rejection
SVT allograft rejection
28
Q

VT

A

Reentrant arrhythmia

29
Q

Brugada

A

May be triggered by fever

30
Q

Icd trials

A

AIVD secondary prevention trial

MADIT-2 and SCD-HeFT are primary prevention death benifit by 1 year 31%

31
Q

Icd

A

In appropriate shock in 25%

32
Q

Afib

A

Chad score 0 ASA
1 either Asa or Coumadin
2 Coumadin and xarelto or pradaxa

33
Q

Idiopathic VT

A

First degree AV block with RBBB and left axis

34
Q

A flutter

A

More common in copd CHF and smoking

Non isthmus dependent after surgery
Isthmus dependent has saw tooth in 2,3,F

35
Q

Idiopathic vt

A

RBBB with inferior axis

36
Q

Arvd

A

Desmosomal protein
20-30years
LBBB
T inverted V1-V3

37
Q

Gating of cell membrane

A

Inward rectifier Ikach/ado operated by acetyl choline or adenosine

38
Q

Delayed rectifier

A

Ikr and Iks

39
Q

Trigger activity

A

Depends on preceding AP and do not arise from quiet cells

40
Q

EAD

A

Slow rates
Reduction in outward currents
Increase inward current 1A,3 anti arrhythmias
K channel
Pacing abolishes EAD
Torsades effects phase 3 action potential

41
Q

DAD

A

Arises from fully depolarized membrane
Phase 4 AP
Ca overload digitoxicity calstabin2
Initiated by Premature stimulation and show over drive acceleration

42
Q

Class 1anti arrhythmic

A

Prolong the ratio of the effective refractory period to APD

Flecanide has slow kinetics use dependent block at slow rates

43
Q

Class3

A

Prolongs AP increAses refractory period. Block Ikr, principle mechanism for these drugs
Reverse use dependence APD prolongation greater in slower rates

44
Q

Ca channels

A

T type in the nodes L type in the myocardium

45
Q

Ikr Iks channels

A

Responsible for rapid repolarization of cell membrane during phase 3 of AP

46
Q

Adenosine

A

A1 AV block
A2b vaso dilatation
A3,4 bronchi spasm
Regadenoson selective A2A agonist

Cardiology (18 decks)

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