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FCLV, RRT > PHARMACOLOGY > Flashcards

PHARMACOLOGY Flashcards

1
Q
  • study of drugs and their origins, nature, properties, and effects on living organism
A

PHARMACOLOGY

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2
Q
  • Any chemical substance that produces biological response in a living system
A

Drug

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3
Q
  • A substance used as medicine to aid in the diagnosis, treatment, or prevention of disease
A

Drug

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4
Q
  • A biologic is an agent naturally produced in animal cells, microorganism, or by the body itself such as hormone, natural blood products or vaccine
A

Drug

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5
Q
  • Is a system of naming drugs
A

Drug Nomenclature

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6
Q

Classification of drug:

A

NAME, ACTION, LEGAL

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7
Q
  • It identifies the actual chemical structure/formula of the drug
A

 Chemical Name

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8
Q
  • Is often complex and is seldom of practical importance to technologist
A

 Chemical Name

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9
Q
  • Name given by to the drug when it becomes commercially available
A

 Generic Name

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10
Q
  • Derived from the more complex chemical name
A

 Generic Name

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11
Q
  • Also called NONPROPRIETY name
A

 Generic Name

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12
Q
  • The name given to a drug by manufactured by a specific company
A

 Trade/ Brand Name

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13
Q

Drugs having the same chemical reactions are group together into categories called

A

drug families

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14
Q

drugs require an order of a physician

A

 Rx/ Prescription Drugs

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15
Q

Can be obtained legally without prescription

A

 OTC Drugs

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16
Q

Methods of Drug Classification

A
  1. Chemical Group
  2. Mechanism/site of action
  3. Primary Effect
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17
Q
  • It may determine the speed, or onset, drug therapeutic effects.
A

Drug Dose Forms

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17
Q
  • It refers to the type of preparation or the manner in which the chemical agent is transported in to the human body.
A

Drug Dose Forms

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18
Q

a granulated drug compressed into a solid hard disc.

A

TABLET

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19
Q

 Some TABLETS are coated called

A

enteric coated

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20
Q

most common oral dose form.

A
  • Tablet
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21
Q

 Easiest to administer

A
  • Tablet
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22
Q

 a powdered or liquid contained in a gelatin shell, which dissolves in the stomach and releases its contents

A
  • Capsule
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23
Q

 a broad range of drugs whose volatile vapors are taken via nose and trachea

A
  • Inhalant
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24
Q

t is a dose form shaped for insertion into a body orifice

A
  • Suppository
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25
Q

 A dose form in which on or more drugs are dissolved in a liquid carrier.

A
  • Solution
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26
Q

 Administered orally or parenterally

A
  • Solution
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27
Q

 dose form in which one or more drugs in small particles are suspended in a liquid carrier

A
  • Suspension
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28
Q

 orally administered, NEVER intravenously

A
  • Suspension
29
Q

 Dose form that permits a drug to be applied on the skin surface, where it is absorbed in the bloodstream

A

Transdermal patch

30
Q
  • All drugs must be in liquid form to be
A

absorbed

31
Q

solid or tablet form must go through a phase called

A

pharmaceutic phase

32
Q

what dose form do not go through the pharmaceutic phase of absorption until they reach the small intestine where they are dissolved in an alkaline media.

A
  • Enteric-coated
33
Q
  • The study of how a drug is absorbed into the body, circulated within the body, is changed by the, and leaves the body
A

Pharmacokinetics

34
Q

4 basic factors influence that movement of a drug:

A

absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion

35
Q

defined as the movement of a drug from its site of administration into the blood.

A

absorption

36
Q

– is defined as drug movement from the blood to various tissues and organ of the body.

A
  • Distribution
37
Q

is defined as the chemical alteration of various substance(drug).

A
  • Metabolism
38
Q

the main organ involved in drug metabolism, taking a drug that is fat soluble and turning It into a water soluble substance so it can be eliminated form the body

A

 Liver

39
Q

is the movement of the drug out of the body

A
  • Excretion
40
Q

most important organ for drug excretion

A

 Kidney

41
Q

Other factors that can affect the intended drug effect:

A
  • Age
  • Sex
  • Genetics
  • Weight
  • Route
  • Time of administration
42
Q

abnormal response to a drug cause by individual genetic differences

A

Idiosyncratic reaction

43
Q

– result from the drug acting on tissues other than those intended action

A

Side effects

44
Q

– are adverse drug effects related to the dose of drug administered

A

Toxic Effect

45
Q

when the body’s immune system is hypersensitive to presence of the drugs

A

Allergic Reaction -

46
Q

may range from mild response such as hives to severe life-threatening r

A

 Immediate reaction

47
Q

is usually less severe and may become evident for hours or even days after drug administration

A

 Delayed reaction

48
Q
  • is a drug-induced state which patients will respond normally to verbal command
A

Minimal Sedation (anxiolysis)

49
Q

Sedation levels:

A

Minimal Sedation (anxiolysis)
Moderate Sedation or analgesia(conscious sedation)
Deep sedation/ analgesia
General Anesthesia

50
Q
  • cognitive function and coordination may be affected but ventilation and CV fxn are unaffected.
A

Moderate Sedation or analgesia(conscious sedation)

51
Q
  • depression of consciousness occurs, but patient respond purposefully to verbal commands. Ventilation is adequate and CV fxn is usually maintained
A

Deep sedation/ analgesia

52
Q
  • loss of consciousness during which patient are not arousable even to painful stimuli
A

General Anesthesia

53
Q

requires no cellular membrane.

A

Passive Diffusion

54
Q

most important determinant in deciding whether a drug will cross cell membranes, although water solubility is also of importance.

A

Lipid Solubility

55
Q

is another method of drug absorption

A

Active Transport

56
Q

Routes of Drug Administration

A

oral, sublingual, topical, parenteral

57
Q
  • Most common method of drug administration
A
  1. Oral
58
Q

The drug us usually taken by mouth and swallowed; it is absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract1.

A
  1. Oral
59
Q
  • The drug is placed under the tongue and allowed to dissolve
  • Its must not be swallowed
A
  1. Sublingual
60
Q
  • It means application of drugs directly into the skin. The drug is diffused through the skin and absorbed into the bloodstream.
A
  1. Topical
61
Q
  • administration of drugs by injection or by a route other than the gastrointestinal tract.
A
  1. Parenteral
62
Q
  • There are three common routes of parenteral:
A

 Intramuscular
 Subcutaneous
 Intravenous

63
Q

degree of subcutaneous

A

45

64
Q

degree of intramascular

A

90

65
Q

Degree of intravenous

A

10-15

66
Q
  • the amount of drug that actually reaches the systemic circulation becomes bioavailable.
A

State of Bioavailability

67
Q

Drugs taken orally are usually absorbed in the

A

small intestine

68
Q

partial metabolism of a drug before it reaches the systemic circulation is
called

A

first-pass effect

69
Q

The particular area for which a drug is intended and that receives a
maximum effect of a drug is called the

A

drug receptor.

70
Q

is the factor
that determines the concentration of drug necessary to accomplish its
intended effect.

A

Affinity

FCLV, RRT (10 decks)

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