CR-DR

Question 1

(PACS)

Answer 1

picture archiving and communication system

Question 2

digital image stored in a computer is rectangular in format and made up of small squares called

Answer 2

PIXEL

Question 3

Each pixel contains a series of

Answer 3

1s and 0s

Question 4

is the transfer of images and patient reports to remote sites.

Answer 4

Teleradiology

Question 5

the transfer of data from a sender to a receiver across a distance.

Answer 5

Communications/telecommunications

Question 6

consists of devices that translate computer information into a form that humans can understand.

Answer 6

Output hardware

Question 7

converts data into a form the computer can use.

Answer 7

Input hardware

Question 8

an archival form of memory (compact disc, flash drive, hard disc drives).

Answer 8

Storage

Question 9

contains information supplied by the manufacturer, called firmware, that cannot be written on or erased.

Answer 9

Read-only memory (ROM) –

Question 10

data can be stored or accessed at random from anywhere in main memory in approximately equal amounts of time regardless of where the data are located

Answer 10

Random access memory (RAM)

Question 11

the working storage of a computer.

Answer 11

Main memory –

Question 12

the primary element
that allows the computer to manipulate data and carry
out software instructions.

Answer 12

Central processing unit (CPU) –

Question 13

These two components
and all other components are connected by an
electrical conductor called a

Answer 13

bus

Question 14

consists of programs that make it easy for the user to operate a computer to its best advantage.

Answer 14

Systems software

Question 15

are those written in a higher level language expressly to carry out some user function.

Answer 15

Application programs

Question 16

sequence of instructions developed by a software programmer.

Answer 16

Computer programs

Question 17

a single binary digit, 0 or 1.

Answer 17

Bit/s –

Question 18

formed when bits are grouped into bunches of eight.

Answer 18

Bytes

Question 19

the system we normally use,

Answer 19

Decimal system

Question 20

counting in the binary number system starts with 0 to 1 and then counts over again

Answer 20

Binary system

Question 21

everything about the computer that is visible

Answer 21

Hardware

Question 22

consists of the computer programs that tell the hardware what to do and how to store and manipulate data.

Answer 22

Software

Question 23

refers to a continuously varying quantity.

Answer 23

Analog

Question 24

uses only two values that vary discretely through coding.

Answer 24

Digital

Question 25

vacuum tube devices.

Answer 25

First-generation computers (1939-1958)

Question 26

based on individually packaged transistors

Answer 26

Second-generation computers (1958)

Question 27

used integrated circuits (ICs), which consist of many transistors and other electronic elements fused onto a chip—a tiny piece of semiconductor material, usually silicon.

Answer 27

Third-generation computers (1964)

Question 28

an extension of the third generation and incorporated large-scale integration (LSI);

Answer 28

Fourth-generation computers (1975)

Question 29

developed the microprocessor at Intel Corporation.

Answer 29

Ted Hoff (1971)

Question 30

as the first commercially successful general-purpose, stored program electronic digital computer.

Answer 30

Eckert and Mauchly (1951)

Question 31

UNIVAC

Answer 31

Universal Automatic Computer

Question 32

developed the transistor together with other scientists at the Bell Telephone Laboratories.

Answer 32

William Shockley (1948)

Question 33

an electronic switch that alternately allows or does not allow electronic signals to pass.

Answer 33

transistor

Question 34

the earliest calculating tool that was invented thousands of years ago in China

Answer 34

Abacus

Question 35

two mathematicians who built mechanical calculators

Answer 35

Blaise Pascal and Gottfried Leibniz (17th century)

Question 36

designed an analytical engine that performed general calculations automatically.

Answer 36

Charles Babbage (1842)

Question 37

designed a tabulating machine to record census data in 1890.

Answer 37

Herman Hollerith (1890) -

Question 38

store information as holes on cards that were interpreted by machines with electrical sensors. Hollerith’s company later grew to become IBM.

Answer 38

tabulating machine

Question 39

and built the first electronic digital computer.

Answer 39

John Atansoff and Clifford Berry (1939)

Question 40

the first fully operational working computer built by the British which was designed to crack encrypted German military codes.

Answer 40

Colossus (December 1943)

Question 41

the first general-purpose modern computer developed at Harvard University.

Answer 41

Automatic Sequence Controlled Calculator or Mark I (1944)

Question 42

developed the first general-purpose electronic computer called ENIAC (

Answer 42

J. Presper Eckert and John Mauchly (1946)

Question 43

ENIAC

Answer 43

Electronic Numerical Integrator And Calculator)