Pharmacology Flashcards
how medications move into, through, and out of the body and Affects duration, intensity of the medication’s effects
Pharmacokinetics
how the medication acts once it is inside the body and why specific dosages produce specific effects
Pharmacodynamics
Pharmacokinetics
- Absorption
- Distribution
- Metabolism (biotransformation)
- Elimination
Absorption is Affected by:
*Site/route (blood supply, surface area)
* Concentration
* Solubility
* pH
* Bioavailability (extent and rate)
Absorption is
”Pharmaceutical/dosage form” to biologically available substance
Distribution is
Transport from site of absorption to site of action.
Distribution is affected by
- Cardiovascular function (shock)
- Regional blood flow/lack of blood flow
- Storage reservoirs
- Plasma protein binding?
- Physiological barriers
Metabolism types for drugs
- Inactive metabolite
- Active metabolite
- More active
- Less active
-Pro-drug to Active drug (need to be metabolized before doing anything)
What is the main action of Alpha 1 receptors?
Peripheral vasodilation with some increase in strength of heart contraction (inotropy) and some increase in heart rate (chronotropy)
Which receptor hits the heart the hardest?
Beta 1
Increases chronotropy, inotropy and dromotropy (speed of electrical conduction through AV node)
What do beta 2 receptors act on?
Relaxes smooth muscle - peripheral vasodilation, bronchodilation
Dopaminergic receptors do what?
Vasodilation in the kidneys and mesentery