Pharmacological Management for Musculoskeletal Flashcards
Nonopiod Agents-action
- pain relief, anti-inflammatory effects
- promote reduction of prostaglandin formation (decreases inflammation, decreases uterine contractions, lowers fever, and minimized impulse formation of pain fibers)
Nonopiod Agents-indications
- mild to moderate pain
- fever
- headache
- muscle ache
- inflammation
- reduction of risk of MI (aspirin)
Nonopiod Agents-side effects
-nausea, vomiting, vertigo, abdominal pain, GI distress or bleeding, ulcer formation
Nonopiod Agents-PT implications
- at increased risk for masked pain
- stomach pain (SERIOUS)
Opioid Agents-action
- reduce acute severe pain
- stimulates opioid receptors in the CNS to prevent pain impulses
Opioid Agents-indications
- moderate to severe pain
- relief of severe and persistent cough (codeine)
Opioid Agents-side effects
-mood swings, sedation, confusion, vertigo, dulled cognitive function, orthostatic hypotension, constipation, incoordination, physical dependence, tolerance
Opioid Agents-PT implications
- respiratory depression
- extreme pain
- inability to report pain
Glucocorticoid Agents (Corticosteroid)-action
-provide hormonal, anti-inflammatory and metabolic effects including suppression of articular and systemic diseases
Glucocorticoid Agents (Corticosteroid)-indications
- replacement therapy for endocrine dysfunction, anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects
- treatment of rheumatic, respiratory, and various other diseases
Glucocorticoid Agents (Corticosteroid)-side effects
-muscle atrophy, GI distress, coma, adrenocortical suppression, drug induced Cushing syndrome, weakening with breakdown of support tissues, mood changes, HTN
Glucocorticoid Agents (Corticosteroid)-PT implications
- pt has weakened immune system (wear a mask)
- toxicity: moon face, buffalo hump, personality changes
- osteoporosis, muscle wasting
Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Agent-action
- slow or halt the progression of rheumatic disease
- used early in disease to slow progression
- used to induce remission by modifying pathology and inhibiting the immune response for rheumatic disease
Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Agent-indications
-rheumatic disease (typically during early treatment)
Disease-modifying Antirheumatic Agent- side effects
-nausea, headache, joint pain and swelling, toxicity, GI distress, sore throat, fever, liver dysfunction, hair loss, potential for sepsis, retinal damage
