Pharmacokinetics and routes

Question 1

What is the first pass effect?

Answer 1

The medication is inactivated by the liver and broken down by acids

Question 2

Where does metabolism take place?

Answer 2

Mainly in the liver

Question 3

Where does excretion take place?

Answer 3

In the kidneys

Question 4

What medications go through the first pass effect?

Answer 4

PO (oral meds) or enteral

Question 5

What is the therapeutic index?

Answer 5

• meds with high TI have a wide safety margin
• Meds with a low TI need to be closely monitiored

Question 6

What does half-life refer to?

Answer 6

The time it takes for the medication in the body to drop by 50%
- Liver and Kidney function greatly affect this

Question 7

What is an agonist?

Answer 7

• bind or mimic the receptor activity

Question 8

What is an antagonist?

Answer 8

block the usual receptor activity

Question 9

What is bioavaliability?

Answer 9

Portion of the drug that enters the circulation that can be used by the body

Question 10

What oral meds can be given to avoid the first-pass effect?

Answer 10

-enteric coated

Question 11

Protein bound portion of the drug is?

Answer 11

inactive

Question 12

Free drugs are ?

Answer 12

active and move to find a receptor

Question 13

What are the five rights for safe med admin

Answer 13

-right pt
- right med
- right route
-right time
- right dose