Pharmacodynamics 🏥

Question 1

Affinity

Answer 1

Affinity is the measure of the strength of the drug-receptor interaction, indicating the tendency of a drug to bind to its receptor.

Question 2

Drug receptor

Answer 2

A drug receptor is the component of the organism with which a drug interacts to produce a cellular response, often a protein.

Question 3

Partial agonist

Answer 3

A partial agonist is a drug that produces a submaximal response compared to a full agonist, acting as an agonist with limited efficacy.

Question 4

Therapeutic index

Answer 4

Therapeutic index is a comparison of the amount of a therapeutic agent that causes the therapeutic effect to the amount that causes toxicity.

Question 5

Efficacy

Answer 5

Efficacy refers to the maximum effect that a drug can produce, irrespective of the dose, reflecting the intrinsic activity of the drug.

Question 6

Binding Affinity

Answer 6

Binding affinity refers to how tightly a drug binds to a receptor. A low KD indicates high binding affinity.

Question 7

Dose-Response Curve

Answer 7

A dose-response curve shows the relationship between drug dose and its effects. It can be similar to a binding curve.

Question 8

Potency

Answer 8

Potency measures the concentration of drug needed to produce a specific effect. EC50 is often used to determine potency.

Question 9

Efficacy

Answer 9

Efficacy is the magnitude of the response a drug produces. Maximal efficacy is the greatest effect a drug can produce.

Question 10

Partial Agonist

Answer 10

Partial agonists produce a submaximal response compared to full agonists. They can act as competitive antagonists.

Question 11

Inverse Agonist

Answer 11

Inverse agonists reverse the constitutive activity of a receptor that exhibits activity in the absence of an agonist.

Question 12

Therapeutic Index

Answer 12

The therapeutic index is the ratio of the TD50 or LD50 to the ED50 for a therapeutically relevant effect, indicating drug safety.

Question 13

Therapeutic Index

Answer 13

Therapeutic Index (TI) is an estimate of the safety of a drug in humans, with a higher value indicating a safer drug.

Question 14

Therapeutic Window

Answer 14

The Therapeutic Window is the dosage range between the minimum effective therapeutic concentration and the minimum toxic concentration, serving as a clinically relevant index of safety.

Question 15

Plasma Drug Concentration

Answer 15

Plasma Drug Concentration refers to the levels of a drug present in the bloodstream, influencing the drug’s effectiveness and potential for toxicity.