Pharm Topic Titles

Question 1

Pharmacodynamic principles. Receptors and subtypes

General description of parasympathetic nervous system from pharmacological point of
view (neurotransmitters and receptors)

Antihypertensive mode of action of thiazide diuretics and the side effects, osmotic
diuretics

Question 2

Dose-response relationships. Efficacy and potency

Directly acting parasympathomimetics
Calcium channel blockers

Question 3

Graded and quantal dose-response relationships. Therapeutic index, therapeutic window

Parasympatholytics
Centrally acting sympathoplegic drugs

Question 4

Agonists and antagonists. Antagonism on the receptor level

Sympathomimetics
Pharmacology of renin/angiotensin system

Question 5

Antagonism. Non-receptorial antagonism
Non-selective α-adrenoceptor blockers

General description of antiarrhythmic drugs. Vaughan Williams classification

Question 6

Control of receptor expression. Receptor diseases and receptors and disease
β-adrenoceptor blockers

Treatment of myocardial ischemia especially the treatment of angina pectoris

Question 7

Desensitization, tachyphylaxys and tolerance
Indirectly acting parasympathomimetics

Drugs used in the treatment of hyperlipidemias

Question 8

The movement of drugs through biological membranes
Structure-activity relationships demonstrated among sympathomimetics

Drugs used for the treatment of congestive heart failure

Question 9

Distribution of drugs in the body: the apparent volume of distribution (Vd)

General description of sympathetic nervous system from pharmacological point of view
(neurotransmitters and receptors)

Characterization of quinidine, lidocaine, and amiodarone

Question 10

Elimination of drugs: the half-life (T1/2)

Pharmacological tools to influence the sympathetic neurotransmission

Expectorants and antitussives

Question 11

The clearance
Selective α-adrenoceptor blockers
Pharmacology of the liver and the gall bladder

Question 12

Plasma concentrations after repeated administration: loading dose and
maintenance dose

Metabolism of chatecholamines and pharmacological modulation

Pharmacological treatment of bronchial asthma

Question 13

Absorption of drugs and ion trap

Comparison of elimination of acetylcholine (Ach) and norepinephrine/noradrenaline from
the synaptic cleft and the possibilities of pharmacological modulation

Therapeutic importance of diuretics, mode of action and classification.

Antialdosterone compounds and other potassium-sparing diuretics

Question 14

Bioavailability. AUC

Compare the effects of norepinephrine/noradrenaline, epinephrine/adrenaline and
isoprenaline

Inhibitors of carboanhydrase enzyme, thiazides and other sulfonamide type diuretics,
high-ceiling diuretics (loop diuretics) and antidiuretics

Question 15

First pass effect
Synthesis, storage, release and elimination of acetylcholine (Ach).

Demonstration of Dale’s experiment

Agents used in anemias

Question 16

Drug elimination: I. Biotransformation

Non-adrenergic, non-cholinergic (NANC) transmission

Drugs used in coagulation disorders

Question 17

Factors influencing the drug elimination
Uptake mechanisms, substrates and inhibitors
Drugs used in acid-peptic disease

Question 18

Drug elimination: II. Excretion
α2 sympathomimetics and the concept of “false transmitter”

Laxatives, antidiarrheal drugs.

Drugs in the treatment of chronic inflammatory bowel disease, antiobesity drugs

Question 19

Factors influencing the drug effect. Preclinical phase of drug development

Pharmacology of cardiac glycosides

Drugs promoting gastrointestinal motility. Emetics and antiemetic drugs

Question 20

Drug interactions. Biologicals (biological therapy), special considerations with respect to their development.

Positive inotropic substances except cardiac glycosides

Pharmacotherapeutic approach to exocrine pancreatic diseases

Question 21

Clinical phase of drug development.

Adrenergic neuron blockers and reserpine. Antihypertensive mode of action of β-blockers
Botanical/herbal remedies