Pharm objectives 4 Flashcards
What is the biggest risk associated with benzodiazepines?
High dependency can develop during and after treatment.
What is a major side effect of first-Generation antipsychotic medications?
Neuroleptic Malignant Syndrome, Sedation, Parkinsonism, Akathisia ,Tardive dyskinesia
Tardive dyskinesia?
Twitching of the mouth, tongue, lips and occasionally the limbs.
Neuroleptic malignant syndrome?
Sudden high fever, blood pressure, tachycardia and
cardiac rhythm changes and Life threatening
How do we treat these side effects of first-Generation antipsychotic medications?
Treat with anticholinergic agents such as benztropine
Common medications used to prevent seizures?
Antiepileptics medication
What medication is used to stop seizures?
Benzodiazepines such as Diazepam, Lorazepam, Chlordiazepoxide, Clorazepate,
Oxazepam, Clonazepam
Uses for lorazepam?
Stop seizure, Muscle relaxer, anxiety, panic disorder
What are the side effects of lithium toxicity?
GI distress, fine/coarse tremors, mental status changes, sedation, coma and/or death
lithium toxicity levels?
Above 1.5 lithium
What is the major difference between a SNRI and an SSRI?
SSRIs they only impact the amount of serotonin in your body.
SNRIs, they impact both serotonin and norepinephrine
SSRI medications
Fluoxetine, Sertraline, Citalopram, Escitalopram, Paroxetine
.Why are non-barbiturates preferred by healthcare providers?
Dependency is less likely, does not result in sedation or potential CNS depressants, less side effects.
What is serotonin syndrome?
Can begin 2 -72hr, having too much serotonin
Name the medications that can cause serotonin syndrome?
SSRI, SNRI
What medication causes an elevated level of tyramine?
MAOIs
What is an important education topic for patients who take these MOIs?
MAOI’s increase the amount of tyramine in the body, which can in turn cause elevated blood pressure. Educate on Tyramine-rich foods.
Tyramine-rich foods?
Aged cheese, pepperoni, salami, avocados, figs, bananas, smoked fish, protein, soups, soy sauce, some beers, red wine
What common mood stabilizer requires blood testing for therapeutic levels?
Lithium
What name 2 disorders that are treated with lamotrigine?
Bipolar manic and depressive episodes
What medication would you administer to a patient with glaucoma?
Beta Adrenergic Blocker, Alpha adrenergic agonists, Prostaglandin analogs, Cholinergic agonist, Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors.
What’s the primary goal of therapy for glaucoma?
Reduce the pressure which in turn, preserves eyesight.
Parkinson’s disease is related to a decrease in ___________ in the CNS
dopamine
Medications that produce a DRY side effects
Tricyclic antidepressants, Antipsychotics 1-2nd generation.
What specific side effects are DRY
Cant see (Blurred vision)
Cant pee (Urinary retention)
Cant spit (Dry mouth)
Cant shit (Constipation)
Tachycardia
Medication that produces MOIST side effects
Cholinesterase Inhibitors:
Donepezil & Neostigmine
What specific side effects are MOIST
Increased salivation, diarrhea, nausea, sweating ,Urinary incontinence
Alzheimer’s disease?
Alzheimer disease—type of
dementia with amyloid plaques and tangled nerve bundles which
slow or block transmission within the brain
Medication that is used to treat Alzheimer’s disease.
Donepezil & Neostigmine
Parkinson disease?
Degenerative disorder
caused by an imbalance of dopamine and
acetylcholine in the CNS
Parkinsonism symptoms
fine tremors, slowing of
voluntary movements, muscular
weakness
Anti-parkinsons Drugs
levodopa/carbidopa,
Ropinirole, Selegiline
3 muscle relaxants
Diazepam
Baclofen
Cyclobenzaprine
