Pharm Midterm Exam Flashcards
Epinephrine
- dose dependent adrenergic agonist
- B1 and B2 effects, a1 at high doses
- treats anaphylaxis, cardiac arrest, and bronchospasm
Dopamine
- dose dependent adrenergic agonist
- B1 effects, a1 at high doses
- treats cariogenic and septic shock
Dobutamine
- B1 adrenergic agonist
- treats acute heart failure and support after surgery
Norepinephrine
- a1 adrenergic agonist
- treats shock and hypotension
Phenylephrine
- a1 adrenergic agonist
- treats shock and hypotension
Albuterol
- B2 adrenergic agonist
- treats asthma and COPD
Ephedrine
-mixed a and B blocker (direct and indirect)
Propanolol
- B1 and B2 blocker
- treats HTN, angina, MI
Esmolol
- short acting B1 blocker
- treats SVT and emergent HTN
Atenolol
- B1 blocker
- long-lasting (6-7 hours)
- treats HTN, chest pain, acute MI
Coreg
- a1, B1, and B2 blocker
- heart failure
Lebatalol
- a1, B1, and B2 blocker
- treats HTN
atropine
-treats bradycardia
Adenosine
- antiarrhythmic
- 1st treatment of SVT
Losartan
-ARB
Valsartan
-ARB
Procainamide
-1a anti arrhythmic
Milrinone
- inotrope
- treats heart failure
- also
nitroglycerine
-coronary vasodilation
-nitroprusside
-systemic vasodilation
-nitric oxide
-pulmonary vasodilation
presedex
-ventilator removal
hydralazine
-arterial vasodilator
nicardapine
-Ca channel blocker
Benazepril
ACE inhibitor
captopril
ACE inhibitor
enalopril
ACE inhibitor
fosinopril
ACE inhibitor
lisinopril
ACE inhinbitor
losartan
ARB
valsartan
ARB
antianginals
- nitroglycerin
- beta blockers (metoprolol/atenolol)
- Ca channel inhibitors (nicardipine/niphedipine)
heart failure progression
- ACE inhibitors
- ARBs
- Beta blockers
- Diuretics
- Inotropes
antihypertensive progression
- diuretics
- beta blockers
- ACE inhibitors
- ARBS
- Ca+ channel blockers
- vasodilators
antihypertensive progression
- diuretics
- beta blockers
- ACE inhibitors
- ARBS
- Ca+ channel blockers
- vasodilators
milrinone
- phosphodiesterase inhibitor
- inotrope
- treats heart failure
digoxin
- inotrope
- treats heart failure
Antiarrhythmic classes
- class 1 - Na+ blockers
- class 2 - beta blockers
- class 3 - K+ blockers
- class 4 - Ca+ blockers
quinidine
- 1A antiarrhythmic - Na+ blocker
- slow phase 0 depolarization and repolarization
lidocaine
- 1B antiarrhythmic - Na+ blocker
- shortens phase 3 repolarization
- given after x clamp removal (1-2 mg/kg)
propafenone
- 1C antiarrhythmic - Na+ blocker
- significantly slows phase 0
antiarrhythmic betablockers
- atenalol/metoprolol
- treat atrial flutter and fibrillation
amiodarone
- class 3 antiarrhythmic - K+ channel blocker
- prolongs repolarization
- treats ventricular arrhythmias
diltiazem
- Ca+ channel blocker
- class 4 antiarrhythmic
- class 6 antihypertensive
verapamil
- Ca+ channel blocker
- class 4 antiarrhythmic
- class 6 antihypertensive
acetazolamide
- carbonic anhydrase inhibitor
- PCT diuretic
mannitol
- osmotic diuretic
- prevent water absorption in descending loop
bumetamide
-loop diuretic
ethacrinic acid
loop diuretic
furosemide
loop diuretic
torsemide
loop diuretic
hydrichlorothyazide
- thiazide diuretic
- acts on DCT
chlorothiazide
- thiazide diuretic
- acts on DCT
spirolactone
-potassium sparing diuretic
diazepam
- benzodiazepine
- amnestic
- treats anxiety, seizures, and muscular disorders
versed
- benzodiazepine
- general anesthetic
- short term anxiety relief
sodium thiopental
- barbituate
- short acting anesthesia induction
- not used anymore
propofol
- sedative (non-barb/benzo/opioid)
- 1.0 - 2.5 mg/kg for anesthesia
- 50 - 200 ug/kg/min maintenance
Rocuronium
- non-depolarizing skeletal muscle relaxant
- block ach at receptor
- rapid onset for intubation
vecuronium
- non-depolarizing skeletal muscle relaxant
- block ach at receptor
- slower than roc
succinylcholine
- depolarizing skeletal muscle relaxant
- short-term immediate paralysis
papaverine
-anti-spasmolytic
dantrolene sodium
- sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca+ channel blocker
- treats malignant hyperthermia
- 1.0 - 2.5 mg/kg, up to 10
