pharm final- misc

Question 1

sinemet class

Answer 1

dopaminergic drug
antiparkinsonian
carbidopa/levodopa

Question 2

sinemet MOA

Answer 2

To increase the % of Levodopa that reaches the brain, Levodopa is combined with Carbidopa
Carbidopa inhibits decarboxylation of levodopa peripherally, making more of levodopa (10%) available to the CNS

Question 3

sinemet SE

Answer 3

CNS: anxiety, HA, confusion
Cardiac arrhythmias
Postural hypotension
Nausea/vomiting: Due to stimulation of dopamine receptors in chemo trigger zone (CTZ)
Dyskinesias : May result in need to decrease dose

Question 4

sinemet nursing implications

Answer 4

Therapeutic effects may take months to develop
Effects of drug may diminish over time
Levodopa may darken sweat and urine
Acute loss of function can occur: (Near the end of the dosing period; At any time during the dose period even when the drugs levels are high; May last from minutes to hours)

Question 5

Donepesil (Aricept) class

Answer 5

cholinesterase inhibitors

anti-alzheimers

Question 6

Donepesil (Aricept) MOA

Answer 6

to prevent breakdown of Ach

Question 7

Donepesil (Aricept) SE

Answer 7

GI most common:  nausea, vomiting, dyspepsia, diarrhea
Weight loss
Dizziness and headache also common
Bradycardia and/or hypotension
Pupil constriction

Question 8

Donepesil (Aricept) nursing implications

Answer 8

not all patients respond to therapy

Question 9

Boniva class

Answer 9

biphosphates

osteoporosis

Question 10

Boniva MOA

Answer 10

prevent loss of bone/bone breakdown

Question 11

Boniva SE

Answer 11

osteoporosis of the jaw

possible acid reflux

Question 12

Boniva nursing implications

Answer 12

Take with 8oz of H2O at least 30 minutes before food or other meds
Take in upright position and stay upright for 30 minutes (can cause acid reflux)
Do not lie down for thirty minutes after taking
Report any jaw/mouth pain

Question 13

estrogen

Answer 13

Estradiol, estrone, and estriol
Enter cells and bind to receptors within the cytoplasm
Promote messenger RNA activity

Question 14

estrogen meds

Answer 14

Estradiol (Estrace)
Conjugated estrogens (Premarin)
Combination estrogen/progesterone (YAZ, Prempro)

Question 15

Treatment or prevention of disorders that result from estrogen deficiency

Answer 15

Atrophic vaginitis
Hypogonadism
Oral contraception (given with a progestin)
Uterine bleeding
Vasomotor spasms of menopause (“hot flashes”) 
Osteoporosis
Breast or prostate cancer
Ovarian failure

Question 16

estrogen actions

Answer 16

Protecting the heart from atherosclerosis
Retaining calcium in the bones
Maintaining the secondary female sex characteristics

Question 17

estrogen indications

Answer 17

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT)

Palliative and preventive therapy during menopause

Question 18

estrogen contraindications

Answer 18

Allergies and pregnancy

Idiopathic vaginal bleeding, breast cancer, and estrogen dependent cancer, thromboembolic disorders

Question 19

estrogen SE

Answer 19

Thrombolytic events—most serious
Nausea—most common
Hypertension, thrombophlebitis, edema
Vomiting, diarrhea, constipation, abdominal pain
May cause photosensitivity

Question 20

benign prostatic hyperplasia

Answer 20

Hyperplasia of prostatic cells causes a compression of the urethra
Increased incidence with age
? If related to testosterone production

Question 21

BPH symtpoms

Answer 21

Dysuria
Difficulty initiating stream/weak stream
Urgency/frequency
Nocturia
Hematuria

Question 22

Tamsulosin (Flomax) class

Answer 22

alpha adrenergic blockers

Question 23

Tamsulosin (Flomax) MOA

Answer 23

Relax sympathetic effects on the bladder and urinary tract

descrease the size of the prostate

Question 24

Tamsulosin (Flomax) SE

Answer 24

Headache, fatigue, orthostatic hypotension, decreased libido

Question 25

Tinasteride (Proscar) class

Answer 25

Block testosterone production

Question 26

Tinasteride (Proscar) MOA

Answer 26

decrease the size of the prostate

Question 27

Tinasteride (Proscar) SE

Answer 27

headache

impotence

Question 28

Tinasteride (Proscar) teaching

Answer 28

No blood donation during/ 6 months after stopping

No father child during/ 6 months after stopping