med list 2 Flashcards by Dominique Espinoza

famotidine (pepcid) class

Histamine H2 Receptor Antagonists

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famotidine (pepcid) MOA

Inhibit the action of histamine at the histamine-sensitive H2 receptor sites of the parietal cells in the stomach

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ranitidine (zantac) class

Histamine H2 Receptor Antagonists

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ranitidine (zantac) MOA

Inhibit the action of histamine at the histamine-sensitive H2 receptor sites of the parietal cells in the stomach

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pantoprazole (protonix) class

Proton pump inhibitor

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pantoprazole (protonix) MOA

suppress gastric acid secretion by inhibiting H+/K+ ATP pumps.

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sulcrafate (carafate) class

GI protectant

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sulcrafate (carafate) MOA

combines with protein at the site of the ulcer to form an adherent complex that covers the ulcer and protects it from acid.

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antacids

decrease gastric acidity by neutralizing secreted gastric acid.

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antacids examples

Magnesium, Aluminum, Calcium
Aluminum hydroxide gel (Amphogel, Alternagel)
Calcium carbonate (TUMS)
Dihydroxy-aluminum sodium carbonate (Rolaids)
Magaldrate (Riopan)
Magnesium hydroxide (Milk of magnesia)
Magnesium/Aluminum combos (Maalox/Mylanta)
Sodium bicarbonate (Baking soda, Soda mint)

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promethazine (phenergen) class

antiemetic-phenothiazines

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promethazine (phenergen) MOA

Inhibit the CTZ (vomiting center in the brain).

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prochlorperazine (compazine) class

antiemetic

PHENOTHIAZINE

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prochlorperazine (compazine) MOA

Inhibit the CTZ (vomiting center in the brain).

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ondansetron (zofran) class

antiemetic

5-HT3 RECEPTOR BLOCKER

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ondansetron (zofran) MOA

Block receptors in the CTZ

Mainly used for prevention/treatment of nausea vomiting with chemotherapy

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metoclopramide (reglan) class

antiemetic

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metoclopramide (reglan) MOA

Increases GI motility

For surgery, trauma, dysfunction, ileus (part of the bowel where there is no motility/peristalsis)

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psyllium (metamucil) class

bulk forming laxative

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psyllium (metamucil) MOA

Combines with water in the intestinal contents to form an emollient gel or viscous solution that promotes peristalsis and reduces transit time.

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docusate (colace) class

Surfactant/Emollient (stool softeners)

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docusate (colace) MOA

Promotes incorporation of water into stool, resulting in softer fecal mass.
May also promote electrolyte and water secretion into the colon.

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magnesium hydroxide (milk of magnesia) class

antacid

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magnesium hydroxide (milk of magnesia) MOA

decrease gastric acidity by neutralizing secreted gastric acid

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lactulose (cephulac) class

hyperosmotic laxative

lactulose (cephulac) MOA

Increases water content and softens the stool. Lowers the pH of the colon, which inhibits the diffusion of ammonia from the colon into the blood, thereby reducing blood ammonia levels.

dulcolax (bisacodyl) class

stimulant laxative (suppository)

dulcolax (bisacodyl) MOA

Stimulates peristalsis. | Alters fluid and electrolyte transport, producing fluid accumulation in the colon

diphenoxylate HCL (lomotil) class

antimotility drugs | antidiarrheal

diphenoxylate HCL (lomotil) MOA

Decreased GI motility with subsequent decrease in diarrhea.

nafcillin (nafcil) class

penicillinase-resistant penicillins

amoxicillin (amoxil) class

aminopenicillins

Piperacillin and tazobactam sodium (Zosyn) class

extended spectrum penicillins

Piperacillin and tazobactam sodium (Zosyn) MOA

Piperacillin: Binds to bacterial cell wall membrane, causing cell death. Spectrum is extended compared with other penicillins. Tazobactam: Inhibits beta-lactamase, an enzyme that can destroy penicillins.

ancef (kefzol) class

1st generation cephalosporin

Ceftriaxone (Rocephin) class

3rd generation cephalosporin

tetracycline class

tetracyclines

Erythromycin class

macrolide

Azithromycin (Zithromax, Z-pack) class

macrolides

Levofloxacin (Levaquin) class

fluoroquinolones

Amikacin (Amikin) class

aminoglycoside

Bactrim class

sulfonamide

Fluconazole (Diflucan) class

antifungal

nystatin (mycostatin) class

antifungal

Acyclovir (Zovirax) class

antiviral

Metronidazole (Flagyl) class

anti-infective

Vancomycin class

antiinfective

aspirin ASA class

salicylates

aspirin MOA

Produce analgesia and reduce inflammation and fever by inhibiting the production of prostaglandins. Decreases platelet aggregation.

acetaminophen (tylenol) class

antipytretic | nonopioid analgesic

acetaminophen (tylenol) MOA

Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis in CNS

ibuprofen (motrin) class

propionic acids | NSAIDS

ibuprofen (motrin) MOA

Anti-inflammatory Analgesic Antipyretic

Celecoxib (Celebrex) Class

cox-2 inhibitors | NSAIDS

Celecoxib (Celebrex) MOA

Inhibits the enzyme COX-2. This enzyme is required for the synthesis of prostaglandins. Has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic properties

Ketorolac (Toradol) class

acetic acid | NSAID

Ketorolac (Toradol) MOA

Inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, producing peripherally mediated analgesia. Also has antipyretic and anti-inflammatory properties

morphine class

narcotic- opioid agonists

morphine MOA

Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS. Alters the perception of and response to painful stimuli while producing generalized CNS depression.

hydromorphone (Dilaudid) class

narcotic- opioid agonists

hydromorphone (Dilaudid) MOA

Binds to opiate receptors in the CNS. | more potent to morphine

Percocet

oxycodone and acetaminophen

tylenol #3

acetaminophen 300 mg + codeine 30 mg