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pharm Flashcards

1
Q

Bethanechol

A

Cholimimetic -> Bethany call me if you want to activate your bowel and bladder

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2
Q

Carbachol

A

ACh like, vs glaucoma

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3
Q

Pilocarpine

A

Cholinomimetic, stimulates sweat/tears/saliva, vs glaucoma

Cry drool and sweat on your PILOw

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4
Q

Methacholine

A

Cholinomimetic, used to test vs asthma, stimulates muscarinic receptors in airway

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5
Q

Neostigmine

A

ACh esterase inhibitor -> vs myasthenia gravis

Does NOT enter CNS

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6
Q

Pyridostigmine

A

ACh esterase inhibitor, does not penetrate CNS, long acting vs Myasthenia Gravis

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7
Q

Edrophonium

A

Short acting ACh esterase inhibitor to test for Myasthenia Gravis

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8
Q

Physostigmine

A

ACh esterase inhibitor that CROSSES the blood brain barrier

vs atropine overdose

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9
Q

Donezepil

A

ACh esterase inhibitor vs Alzheimer’s disease

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10
Q

What is the therapy vs Cholinesterase inhibitor poisoning?

A

Atropine + pralidoxime

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11
Q

Atropine, Tropicamide

A

Muscarinic antagonist, produces mydriasis

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12
Q

Benztropine

A

Muscarinic antagonist vs Parkinsons

PARK your mercedes BENZ

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13
Q

Scopolamine

A

Muscarinic antagonist vs Motion sickness

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14
Q

Ipratropium

A

Muscarinic antagonist vs COPD/asthma -> I PRAy I can breathe again

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15
Q

Oxybutynin

A

Muscarinic antagonist, vs Bladder spasm, reduces urgency

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16
Q

Glycopyrrolate

A

Muscarinic antagonist, decreases airway secretion

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17
Q

Atropine toxicity

A

Inc. Body temp
Dry and flushed skin
Disorientation
Cycloplegia

similar symptoms found in JIMSON WEED

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18
Q

Epinephrine

A

Agonist of Alpha and Beta receptors

Used vs anaphylaxis, glaucoma, asthma, hypotension

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19
Q

Norepinephrine

A

Alpha agonist

B1 agonist!!! not b2!!!!

Used vs hypotension

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20
Q

Isoproterenol

A

B agonist only!!

Vs torsades de pointes

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21
Q

Dopamine

A

High dose - alpha agonist
Medium dose - beta agonist
Low dose - D1 agonist

Use: Vs shock and heart failure

22
Q

Dobutamine

A

B1 agonist primarily

Vs heart failure or used in cardiac stress testing

23
Q

Phenylephrine

A

Alpha agonist only

Vs hypotension, ocular procedures

24
Q

Albuterol/salmeterol/terbutaline

A

B2&raquo_space;> B1 agonist

Bronchodilation in ashtma

25
Q

Ritodrine

A

B2 agonist vs premature uterine contractions

26
Q

Amphetamine

A

Increases release of NE, decreases reuptake

Used vs narcolepsy

27
Q

Ephedrine

A

Sympathomimetic, vs nasal congestion

28
Q

Cocaine

A

Decreased reuptake of NE

Causes vasoconstriction and anesthesia

DO NOT MIX WITH B BLOCKER -> causes extreme alpha agonist activity and hypertension

29
Q

What is the effect on heart rate of Norepinephrine?

A

Decreased heart rate as MAP increases

30
Q

Clonidine/Methyldopa

A

Sympathoplegic -> Alpha 2 agonist -> decreases sympathetic outflow

Used in hypertension

31
Q

Phenoxybenzamine

A

Alpha blocker -> irreversible

Used vs pheochromocytoma

Leads to orthostatic hypotension and reflex tachycardia

32
Q

Phentolamine

A

Reversible alpha blocker

Give to patients on MAO inhibitor who eat foods with tyramine

33
Q

Prazosin/terazosin

A

-osin ending -> alpha 1 blocker!!

Vs Hypertension or urinary retention

1st dose: gives orthostatic hypotension!!

34
Q

Mirtazipine

A

Alpha 2 blocker

Vs depression -> leads to sedation and increased appetite

35
Q

What are contraindications to Beta blockers?

A

Asthma

Diabetes

36
Q

What B blockers are B1 selective? Which are B1 and B2 (generalized)?

A

B1 selective -> A-M (Metoprolol)

B1/B2 nonselective -> N-Z

37
Q

What B blockers are Alpha and Beta blockers?

A

Carvedilol, Labetalol

38
Q

What B blockers are partial B agonist?

A

Pindolol, Acebutalol

39
Q

Acetaminophen toxicity antidote

A

N acetylcysteine (inc. glutathione)

40
Q

Salicylates toxicity antitodte

A

NaHCO3

41
Q

Amphetamines tox antidote

A

NH4Cl

42
Q

B blocker antidote

A

Glucagon

43
Q

Digitalis toxicity antidote

A

K+, Mg2+

44
Q

Lead toxicity antidote

A

Penicillamine, Dimercaprol

45
Q

Cyanide toxicity antidote

A

Nitrite + thiosulfate

46
Q

Ethylene glycol toxicity antidote

A

Fomepizole

47
Q

Opioid toxicity antidote

A

Naloxone

48
Q

Benzodiazepine toxicity antidote

A

Flumazenil

49
Q

TCA toxicity antidote

A

NaHCO3

50
Q

Heparin toxicity antidote

A

Protamiine

51
Q

Warfarin toxicity antidote

A

Vitamin K

52
Q

Theophylline toxicity antidote

A

B blocker

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