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Neuro Flashcards

1
Q

What controls pressure/vibration/touch/proprioception in the spinal cord for the upper extremities? Lower?

A

Upper - Fasciculus cuneatus

Lower - Fasciculus gracilis

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2
Q

What controls pain and temperature in the spinal cord?

A

Lateral spinothalamic tract

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3
Q

What controls voluntary motor in the spinal cord?

A

Lateral corticospinal tract

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4
Q

What controls crude touch and pressure in the spinal cord?

A

Anterior spinothalamic tract

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5
Q

What sensations ascend contra?

What ascend ipsi?

What about motor?

A

Contra ascend -> Pain & Temperature, Crude Touch, Pressure from Lateral and Anterior spinothalamic tracts

Ipsi ascend: Dorsal column -> FT/VIB/Press/Proprioception

Motor: Lateral corticospinal tract -> Descends contra

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6
Q

What cranial nerve nuclei are located in midbrain?

Pons?

Medulla?

A

Midbrain - III, IV

Pons - V, VI, VII, VIII

Medulla - IX, X, XII

Spinal cord - XI

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7
Q

What are symptoms of normal pressure hydrocephalus?

A

Wet, wobbly, wacky

urinary incontinence, gait instability, mental

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8
Q

What nerves come out of the Superior orbital fissure?

A

CN III, IV, V1, VI

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9
Q

What nerves come out of the foramen Rotundum?

A

CN V2

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10
Q

What nerves come out of the foramen ovale?

A

CN V3

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11
Q

What comes out of the foramen spinosum?

A

Middle meningeal artery

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12
Q

What cranial openings do the branches of CN V exit from?

A

V1 - Superior orbital fissure

V2 - Foramen Rotundum

V3 - Foramen Ovale

SRO

Standing room only

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13
Q

CN V lesion - deviation to what side

A

TOward side of lesion

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14
Q

CN X lesion - what deviates and where

A

Uvula AWAY from side of lesion

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15
Q

If a person cannot move their face below the forehead what is lesioned?

What if they cannot move the entire face (above and below forehead)?

A

If cannot move below forehead only (forehead spared) -> Contra UMN lesion

If cannot move entire face -> Ipsi LMN lesion

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16
Q

What muscle opens the jaw?

A

Lateral pterygoid

17
Q

Wilson’s disease causes degeneration of what structure?

A

Putamen

18
Q

What is the only cranial nerve that crosses before leaving the brainstem?

A

Trochlear n CN VI

19
Q

What agents cause meningitis in neonates?

A

Group B Strep, E. coli, Listeria monocytogenes

20
Q

What causes meningitis in teenagers?

A 
Neisseria meningitidis (skin rash)
Strep pneumo
H influenza (unimmunized)
21
Q

What age group gets meningitis from Coxsackievirus?

A

Children via fecal oral

22
Q

What consequence would subfalcine herniation have?

A

Compression of the anterior cerebral artery

23
Q

Arylsulfatase

A

Low in metachromatic leukodystrophy

24
Q

Galactocerebroside B-galactosidase

A

Deficient in Krabbe disease

25
Q

Adrenoleukodystrophy and inheritance

A

Impaired addition of Co A to long chain fatty acids - X linked

26
Q

What is the cause of progressive, multifocal leukoencephalopathy?

A

JC virus

27
Q

Rapid fixing of hyponatremia can lead to what?

A

Central pontine myelinolysis -> Leads to locked in syndrome

28
Q

What is necessary to diagnose Tourette’s?

A

Verbal/motor tic that lasts > 1 year

29
Q

Explain differences between brief psychotic disorder, schizophreniform disorder and schizoaffective disorder

How does schizophrenia differ?

A

Brief psychotic disorder < 1 month

Schizophreniform: 1 month - 6 months

Schizoaffective disorder: > 2 weeks, more severe w/ a depressive or manic episode

30
Q

How is bipolar disorder different than cyclothymic disorder?

A

Cyclothymic disorder is a milder form of bipolar disorder lasting at least 2 years

31
Q

How does major depression differ from milder forms?

A

Major depression - Must last at least 6 months

32
Q

How does post traumatic stress disorder differ from acute stress disorder?

A

Acute stress disorder is less than 1 month

Post traumatic stress disorder is > 1 month

33
Q

How does conduct disorder differ from antisocial disorder?

A

Antisocial: greater than 18 years of age

34
Q

Describe the clusters of personality disorders

A

A - weird
B - wild
C - worried (clingy)

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