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Pharm 2 Flashcards

1
Q

3 A1 blocker Agents

A

Terazosin
Doxazosin
Prazosin — NOT approved for BPH // for PTSD

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2
Q

(HTN)

A2 Agonists

A

Clonidine (PO/Patch)

Methyldopa — First line for HTN in Pregnancy

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3
Q

(HTN)

B-Blockers Agents (ISA)

A

Acebutolol — B1 selective
Pindolol —Greater ISA than Acebutolol (Non-Selective)
Penbutolol

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4
Q

(HTN)

Mixed a1 and Nonspecific B-blockers

A

Carvedilol — Both HF and HTN

Labetalol — 2nd line during Pregnancy

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5
Q

Carvedilol

A

Pts w/ BOTH HF and HTN
Reduce Morbidity and Mortality w/ HF
Tablet ONLY —> Decrease Orthostatic HOTN

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6
Q

Labetalol

A

A1 and Nonspecific B-blockers (HTN)

HTN(PO) — 2nd line during Pregnancy
Severe HTN (IV)
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7
Q

Reserpine

A

MOA — Reduce Catecholamines
W/ other agents against MORE SEVERE forms of HTN

Adverse
Significant Mental Depression and Anxiety

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8
Q

(HTN)

Main DHP-CCB

A

-Pine

Amlodipine
Clevidipine(IV)
Nicardipine(IV/PO)
Nifedipine
Felodipine
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9
Q

(HTN)

Non-DHP

A

Verapamil

Diltiazem

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10
Q

DI

Digoxin w/ _____ or ______

A

Verapamil or Diltiazem

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11
Q

Beta blockers w/ Verapamil or Diltiazem —> _______

A

Bradycardia

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12
Q

CCB is more efficacious in ______ Population

A

African American

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13
Q

Hydralazine

A

Atrial Vasodilators
SEVERE HTN (EMERGENCY)
Acceptable for HTN and Pregnancy
Combine w/ Nitrates (BiDil) —> Both HTN and HF in African-American pts

Lupus Erythematous like syndrome

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14
Q

(HTN)

Minoxidil

A

Vasodilators
Pts w/ Renal Failure and Severe HTN who do NOT respond well to Hydralazine

Adverse — Hypertrichosis (Excessive hair growth)

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15
Q

HTN Urgency

Agents

A

Clonidine
Captorpril - over clonidine if pt has HF
Labetalol — Pregnant or Cannot tolerate methyldopa

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16
Q

HTN Emergency (Blurred Vision)

Vasodilators

A

Nitroglycerin (IV)
Sodium Nitroprusside (IV)
Fenoldopam (IV)
Hydralazine

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17
Q

HTN Emergency

CCB

A

Nicardipine (PO/IV)

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18
Q

HTN Emergency

ACEI

A

Enalaprilat — Rapid action, ONLY IV

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19
Q

HTN Emergency

Adrenergic Inhibitors

A

Esmolol — Ultra-short actions cardioselective

Labetalol — Both Urgency (PO) and Emergency (IV)

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20
Q

Labetalol

A

Selective a1 & Non-selective B blocker

Both HTN Urgency (PO) and Emergency (IV)

Preferred in coronary artery disease, End Stage Renal Disease

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21
Q

Thiazides and Thiazides-like Diuretics

A

HCTZ
CHlorthalidone
Metolazone — CrCl <30
Chlorothaizide

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22
Q

Loop Diuretics

A

Ethacrynic Acid — Alternative for pts w/ a Sulfa allergy
Furosemide
Bumetanide

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23
Q

Osmotic Diuretics

24
Q

(HF)

ARBs

A

Sacubitril/Valsartan

Angiotensin Receptor-Neprilysin Inhibitor ARNI

25
Q

(HF)

BB

A

Carvedilol — mixed a & b blockers (non-selective)
Metoprolol - B1
Bisoprolol -B1

26
Q

Metolazone

A

Thiazides & Thiazide-like Diuretics

Effective at lower CrCl (<30)

27
Q

(HF)

Aldosterone Antagonist

A

Eplerenone

SPironolactone

28
Q

(HF)

Vasodilators

A

Hydralazine/Isosorbide Dinitrate (BiDil)
Nitroglycerin
Sodium Nitroprusside
Nesirtide

29
Q

Nitroglycerin (HF)

A

Ideal choice for HTN Emergency

Preferred agent for Preload Reduction w/ Pulmonary Congestion

30
Q

DOC for HTN Emergency

A

Sodium Nitroprusside

31
Q

(HF)

Inotropic agents

A

Digoxin
Dopamine
Dobutamine
Milrinone

32
Q

Inotropic Agents that stimulate the Vagus Nerve

33
Q

MOA

Inhibits phosphodiesterase III (PDE3)

34
Q

Treatment of CHF

Agents that decrease Mortality

A

ACEI & ARBs
BB
Aldosterone Antagonist

35
Q

Agent that reduce morbidity and mortality for African American w/ NYHA class III or IV HFrEF

36
Q

Vasodilator

Free Radical NO —> Vasodilation
ACS or HTN Emergency
V dilation > A dilation

A

Nitroglycerin

37
Q

Cinchonism

A

Quinidine (Class 1A)

38
Q

Reversible lupus erythematous like syndrome

A

Procainamid (Class 1A)

39
Q

Alternative agent in Pulseless VT/VF if amiodarone is NOT available

A

Lidocaine (IB)

40
Q

DOC in Atrial Fibrillation and Flutter

41
Q

Contains Iodine
>50% stop due to the side effect
Pulmonary Fibrosis (Adverse)
Blue Gray Skin

A

Amiodarone

42
Q

DOC for Acute Conversion of Regular Rhythm Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia to Sinus Rhythm

Only used in Emergency and Acute situation

43
Q

Ventricular Rate Control

____________

Pts w/ Severe Asthma/Severe COPD — Preferred over B-blocker

A

Non-DHP CCBs

44
Q

DOC for Symptomatic Bradyarrhythmia

A

Atropine (Anticholinergic)

45
Q

DOC for Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia

46
Q

DOC for Acute Ventricular Tachycardia/Pulseless Fibrillation

A

Epinephrine —> Amiodarone (1stline anti-arrhythmic)

Lidocaine — 2nd
Procainamide — 3rd (If pt is stable)

47
Q

POC for Torsade’s de Pointes

A

Magnesium I

48
Q

TX for Chronic Stable Angina

A

Rest or Nitroglycerin

49
Q

First line for Stable Ischemic Heart Desease

A

B-Blockers

50
Q

Nitrates

Stable Angina
Maintenance
Acute

A

Maintaines — w/ B-blockers or Non-DHP CCB

Acute — Sublingual Tablet or Spray Nitrate

51
Q

(Anti-Anginal)

Two alternatives to beta blocker

A

CCB

Na+ Channel Blocker

52
Q

(Anti-Anginal)

Anti-platelet

A

Aspirin

Clopidogrel — Alternative to Aspirin

53
Q

(Anti-anginal)

For pts who have CV comorbidities (LVEF <40, HTN, DM, post MI, and or CKD)

A

ACEI or ARBs

54
Q

Main drugs for African American

A

HF — Bidil
HTN — Hydralazine w/ Nitrates
HTN — CCBs work better w/ water pills

Less responsive to ACEI and beta blocker as monotherapy

55
Q

Safe for Pregnant Woman

A

Methyldopa — 1
Labetalol — 2 (if pt cannot tolerate methyldopa
Nifedipine — DHP-CCB (HTN)
Hydralazine — PO or IV (HTN)

IPAP (27 decks)

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