Pharm 2 Flashcards
Metformin Overdose
-lactic acidosis may occur (even with therapeutic dosing)
Diethylstilbestrol
- DES
- was given to pregnant women
- causes clear cell carcinoma of the vagina in girls exposed in utero
Ethinyl Estradiol
-component of combined oral contraceptive pills
Medroxyprogesterone
-progesterone that can prevent endometrial overgrowth in women taking estrogen
Nandrolone
- androgen
- performance enhancing steroid
Finasteride
- 5a reductase inhibitor
- dec. conversion of testosterone to DHT
- useful in BPH and male pattern baldness
What effect does PPI therapy have on parietal cells?
- PPI = omeprazole
- expect parietal cell hypertrophy because body is trying to compensate
Tramadol
- narcotic
- high risk of addiction/dependence
Methotrexate
- tx for cancer, autoimmune dz (Crohns, RA), ectopic pregnancy, and medical abortion)
- side effects are hepatoxicity, low white count (myelosuppression)
Opioids can cause contraction of what?
-smooth muscle in the sphincter of oddi -> inc. pressure in common bile duct
Metyrosine
blocks rate limiting step of catecholamine synthesis (tyrosine hydroxylase)
-dec.s levels of catecholamines
What mediates flushing with niacin use?
- prostaglandins
- proslugger bat
Leuprolide
- GnRH analog
- tx for prostate cancer
- initially causes rise in T and DHT before diminishing both due to eventual suppression of the gonadal axis
Dobutamine
- B adrenergic agonist with predominant activity on B1 receptors
- weak chronotropic agent (dec. filling time)
- mild vasodilation
What med should be avoided in people with low C1 esterase inhibitor activity?
- ACEi
- low C1 esterase activity leads to inc. in bradykinin and when given ACEi these people can get angioedema
