Derm

Question 1

Actinic Keratosis

Answer 1

• small, erythematous epidermal lesions from chronic sun exposure
• a small percent progress to invasive squamous cell carcinoma

Question 2

Erythema Multiform

Answer 2

Cell mediated inflammatory disorder of erythematous papules that develop into target lesions. Commonly associated with herpes simplex infection.

Question 3

Stevens Johnson Syndrome

Answer 3

Erythematous macules with necrosis and skin sloughing. Systemic signs common (fever). Associated with medications.

Question 4

Lesser Trelat

Answer 4

• many sudden seborrheic keratosis

- sign of internal malignancy

Question 5

Dermatomyositis

Answer 5

-grotton papules on hand joints
-heliotrope rash (periorbital rash)
-anti-Jo-1 is specific
-proximal muscle weakness, elevated muscle enzymes
Associated with underlying malignancy.

Question 6

Pemphigus Vulgaris

Answer 6

• flaccid bullae
• erosion of skin and mucous membrane (mouth)
• antibodies against desmosomes, desmogleins 1 and 3
• intracellular IgG and C3 deposits

Question 7

Bullous Pemphigoid

Answer 7

• antibodies against hemidesmosomes

- tense blisters

Question 8

Xanthelasmas

Answer 8

• type of xanthoma on eye lid
• yellow macule/papule
• accumulations of macrophages containing cholesterol and triglycerides
• associated with hyperlipidemia (usually due to LDL receptor abnormality)

Question 9

Spongiosis

Answer 9

• characterizes acute eczematous dermatitis

- may be due to allergic reaction on skin

Question 10

Albinism

Answer 10

Melanocytes that do not produce melanin.

Question 11

Vitiligo

Answer 11

Loss of epidermal melanocytes.

Question 12

Porphyria Cutania Tarda

Answer 12

Skin fragility and blistering rash in sun exposed areas.

Question 13

Holocrine Gland

Answer 13

Releases entire cell contents via cells lysis. Ex. Sebaceous gland

Question 14

Apocrine Gland

Answer 14

Releases membrane bound vesicles containing contents. Ex. Mammary gland

Question 15

Merocrine Gland

Answer 15

Cells secrete via exocytosis. Ex. Salavary gland, eccrine sweat gland, apocrine sweat gland

Question 16

Osler-Weber-Rendu Syndrome (Hereditary Hemorrhagic Telangiectasia)

Answer 16

• AD
• telangiectasias of skin, mucous membranes of oral mucosa and resp. tract, GI, and urinary tract
• rupture may cause epistaxis, GI bleeding, or hematuria

Question 17

Dermatitis Herpetaformis

Answer 17

-chronic blistering skin infection related to celiac disease

Question 18

MOA of Tretinoin

Answer 18

• activation of nuclear gene transcription
• teratogen
• reduces sebum
• used for wrinkles and acne

Question 19

Post Herpetic Neuralgia

Answer 19

-pain related to sensitization of afferent nerves in the dorsal horn after shingles outbreak