Pharm

Question 1

How to treat prostate cancer

Answer 1

LH receptor block
17-a-hydroxylase block (abiraterone) Most common

Question 2

Undergoing thyroidectomy can harm the __ as a result it would be important to supplement with __

Answer 2

Parathryroid
Calcitriol

Question 3

Normal Ca+2 levels are

Answer 3

8-10

Question 4

Best in preventing ischemia induced ventricular arrhythmias

Answer 4

Class IB antiarrythmics (Lidocaine, mexiletine) have weak Na channel blockade

Question 5

Acute panic attack TTO is __ and its mec of action is__

Answer 5

BDZ
Binds allosterically to GABA receptor -> opens Cl channels

Question 6

Class lll antiarrythmics

Answer 6

Ibutilide
Dofetilide
Sotalol
Amiodarone

Question 7

Colchicine mec of action

Answer 7

Binds to intracel tubulin -> inhibiting microtubules polymerization

Question 8

Primary TTO of atopic diseases (dermatitis, asthma) is __ which act via __

Answer 8

Topical corticosteroids
Inhibition of phospholipase A2, decrease of proinflam cytokines (IL-4, IL-13, increase of anti-inflam mediators

Question 9

1st generation antipsychotics are __. Mec of action __ Adverse effects

Answer 9

Haloperidol, pimozide and -azine drugs
Block D2 receptors
Extrapyramidal sts

Question 10

2nd generation antipsychotics are __. Mec of action and side effects

Answer 10

Aripiprazole, -apine (clozapine), -idone (risperidone)
Block D2 and 5-HT
Extrapyramidal and metabolic sts

Question 11

Localized candidiasis in immunocompetent pts, treat with

Answer 11

Nystatin

Question 12

Displacement of the tricuspid valve leaflets in infants is associated to __ used to treat __

Answer 12

Lithium
Bipolar disorder, acute mania, hypomania

Question 13

Hydroxyurea is used for___. Its mec of action is

Answer 13

Sickle cell disease (homozygous HbS)
Inhibits ribonucleotide reductase -> stops division of hematopoietic cells. Also increases gamma globin (fetal Hb)

Question 14

Serotoninergic meds that can produce serotonin sd

Answer 14

SSRI/SNRI
Tricyclic antidepre
Tramadol

Question 15

Trigeminal nerve neuralgia TTO

Answer 15

Carbamazepine (Na channel blocker)

Question 16

Ganciclovir resistant CMV is treated with ___, however, it can cause seizures because___

Answer 16

Foscarnet
It chelates Ca and induces renal wasting of Mg

Question 17

What drug can be used to treat insomnia in old people with the minimal side effects?

Answer 17

Ramelteon (binds to melatonin receptors)

Question 18

Triamterene and Amiloride are both ___ blockers

Answer 18

ENaC

Question 19

Drug concentration calculation

Answer 19

Drug dose (mg) / volume of distribution (ml)
Concentration is reduced to half (50% metab) when it comes reaches it half life

Question 20

Migraine prevention TTO

Answer 20

Topiramate or valproate (anticonvulsants)
BB
Tricyclics or venlafaxine

Question 21

Status epilepticus is associated with ___ and treated with __

Answer 21

Febrile seizures or infections
I.v BDZ (lorazepam)

Question 22

Prostate Ca drug management after orchiectomy

Answer 22

GnRH analogue (buserelin) to stimuleotge pathway
Androgen receptor blocker (bicalutamide) to prevent Testosterone surge from Buserelin

Question 25

Nystatin is primarily used for treating

Answer 25

Candida infections

Question 26

Tinea fungis is treated with antibiotics

Answer 26

Azoles (miconazole, clotrimazole) and terninafine

Question 27

Permethrin is used to treat

Answer 27

Scabies

Question 29

Where are alpha and beta receptors found and what proteins do they bind to?

Answer 29

a1: vascular smooth muscle (contraction), dilator musc of the eye. Binds to Gq protein a2: stops production of epi and norepinephrine. Binds to Gi protein b1: heart. Binds to Gs protein b2: lungs, vascular smooth muscle (dilation). Binds to Gs protein

Question 30

Where are dopamine receptor and what proteins do they bind to?

Answer 30

D1: kidney. Binds to Gi protein. D2: Brain. Binds to Gq protein

Question 31

Where are histamine receptors and what proteins do they bind to?

Answer 31

H1: nose. Binds to Gq protein H2: gut. Binds to Gs protein

Question 32

Where are ADH receptor and what proteins do they bind to?

Answer 32

V1: vascular smooth muscle (vasoconstriction). Binds to Gq protein V2: collector tubule. Binds to Gs protein.

Question 33

Direct cholinergic agonists names end in ___ . Adverse effects are ___

Answer 33

-chol DUMBBELS

Question 34

Pilocarpine is ____ used in

Answer 34

A direct cholinergic agonist Open angle glaucoma

Question 36

Km is inversely proportional to

Answer 36

Vmax 1/2