Pharm 109 Flashcards
Keralotytic?
Chemical action promoting the loosening and shedding of the stratum corneum
Useful for conditions where there is excess keratin production leading to excess skin production, thickening, hardening, flaking and creaking
Keratolytic example?
Salicylic Acid
what is white petrolatum?
base
they are either inert carriers for drugs or are used for various emulsifying or emollient properties
Suspending agent?
Suspensions are “two phase” systems of finely divided solids dispersed in a liquid.
Settlement of particles over time can lead to uneven dispersal and inaccurate doses
Thickening or suspending agents help by thickening the medium thus decreasing the sedimentation rate
Example of a suspending agent?
Methylcullulose
What is a psoriasis?
Chronic, inflammatory skin disorder
Increase in epidermal proliferation leading to erythema, scaling and skin thickening
No cure for psoriasis
Treatment is aimed at suppression, either by inducing a remission or by decreasing the amount of psoriasis to a tolerate level
Tar in compounding?
Useful for the treatment of psoriasis
helps to decrease the thickness of the epidermis
Useful also for eczema, dandruff and seborrheic dermatitis
Tar is available as Tar Distillate or coal content
Anthralin?
Used in the treatment of psoriasis
Powerful irritant- keep away from eyes and tender skin areas
Wash hands after use- always use gloves when handling
Conventional therapy involves starting with low concentration which are only applied for a few hours. Gradually the concetration and application time can be increased.
If lesions spread or excess irritation occurs, the concentration & or contact time is decreased or te product is discontiuned.
what are Dakins solutions?
Bleach solutions
effective against Staph and Strep but also toxic to intact skin
when used, the intact skin around the wound must be protected to prevent breakdown
Urea?
Humectant (retains/attracts water) in lower concentration
Mildly keratolytic (sheds skin) in concentrations of 20-30%
Can irritate inflammed skin and oozing lesions so do not use on open skin.
Camphor?
Used as an antipruitic (anti-itch), mild analgesic and counter irritant.
Menthol?
Used as an antipruitic (anti-itch), mild analgesic and provides a soothing cooling sensation
Phenol?
A bacteriostactic agent.
Obtained from the distillation of coal tar. it is dangerous because of its rapid crrosive action of tissues
what is salicylic acid?
it produces slow and painless destruction of the epithlium. It can be applied in the form of a paint in a base or as a plaster to destroy warts or corns.
It has bacteriostactic, fungicidal and keratolytic actions.
Used it the treatment of dandruff, eczema, psoriasis, parasitic skin disease and hyperhidrosis (excessive sweating)
Coal Tar?
It has antipruitic and keratolytic properties
Obtained by the destructive distillation of coal at about 1000 degress F.
Used for eczema, psoriasis and other skin disease.
Tar acids which are obtained from the distillation of coal tar are also used as disinfectants
