Pharm 1 quiz module 1 Flashcards
Define what a drug is
Any chemical that can affect the living process
Define pharmacology
The study of drugs and their interactions with living systems
Define Clinical pharmacology
The study of drugs in humans
Define therapeutics in pharmacology
The use of drugs to diagnose, prevent, or treat disease or to prevent pregnancy
What are the three most important properties of an ideal drug
Effectiveness, selectivity, safety
What is a reversible action?
Able to be metabolized by the body or chemically nullified by another drug
What is predictability in regards to pharmacology
knowing how the patient will respond
What is ease of administration?
Convenient route, low number of doses per day
True or false: A patient is more likely to take a medication that is can be taken easily and as little as possible
true
True or False: The easier it is to administer the more willing a patient might be to take it
True
When thinking about an ideal drug what does freedom from drug interaction mean?
To not intensify or reduce effects of other drugs
When thinking about an ideal drug what does low cost mean
Easily affordable
When thinking about an ideal drug what does low cost mean
Easily affordable
True or false: A patient sometimes has to choose between providing for their family and taking an important medication due to cost
True
When thinking about our ideal drug what does chemical stability mean
Indefinitely retain effectiveness and potency
True or false: We would rather have a simple generic name that is easy to recall and pronounce?
True
True or false: The toxicity of a drug means little to us
false
What is a big factor in how a medication might work on someone?
Weight
True or false: Patients who have poor liver and kidney function will have a variability in how drugs work.
True
True or false: The food we eat has no effect on the medications we take?
False- some food will have adverse (bad) reactions to some meds
True or false: No two people will respond the same to a medication?
True
Our therapeutic objective is what?
To provide maximum benefits with minimal harm
What is pharmacokinetics?
Explains how a drug moves through the body
What is pharmacodynamics
Explains how a drug effects the body
Nursing plan with pharmacology in mind—> What are 3 preadministration assessment goals?
Collect data, id high risk patients, assess patients’ capacity for self-care.
True or false: A baseline of vitals is not important to the pharmacology aspect of nursing
False
Why is obtaining a baseline of vitals important?
Allows us to see what effect a drug may have on the patient.
Why collect baseline date?
Safety, response, id high risk patient and assess patients ability of self care
When obtaining our baseline data what are areas we should assess?
Patient history
Physical exam
lab results
blood pressue/vs
blood surgar
height and weight
Name some risk factors that would classify a patient as high-risk
1.liver and kidney functions– this is because of their ability to metabolize drugs
2. Genetic Factors
3. Drug allergies
4.Pregnancy– will the drug cause harm to mom or baby?
5. Elderly– metobolism slows way down so drugs stay in system longer,
6- pediatric– very small doses
True or false: As a nurse we are not allowed to make a medical dx but we are allowed to use our nursing judgement to make the best poss. decisions
true
True or false: An example of a nursing goal for a patient in pain could be– for next 8 hours is to keep the patient pain free.
True
When we implement our plan for drug admin is patient education important?
Yes
Why would we evaluate the patient after administrating meds
To assess for therapeutic responses, assess for drug reactions and interactions, adherence to prescribed regimen, satisfaction w/tx.
What is the first stage of new drug development
Preclinical testing
What is the second stage of new drug development
Clinical testing
How many phases are in clinical testing?
3
During phase I of clinical testing who participates?
Healthy volunteers/healthy patient volunteers
During phase II of clinical testing who participates?
Patients in which the drug is targeted
What is the main purpose in clinical testing phase II
Testing for therapeutic use and dosage
What is the main purpose in clinical testing phase III
Testing for safety and effectiveness
When does FDA approval come during the new drug development stages?
In clinical stages– phase III once the drug has been deemed safe and effective.
What is the main purpose of stage IV in clinical testing
Post clinical trial or surveillance
What are the requirements for OTC drug labels
Plain language, readable type and user friendly format
What is the label format for OTC drugs?
Active ingredients listed first, uses, warning, directions, inactive ingredients
