Module 1-- test 1 material Flashcards
Who is Florence Nightingale?
The “1st professional nurse” 1st epidemiologist
What is Florence Nightingale most known for?
Florence Nightingale instituted sanitation. She realized that when things were clean her patient got well
Why was Florence Nightingale considered the 1st professional nurse
She was educated
What are the two types of formal education?
Diploma programs and Degree programs through academic settings
Name some of the qualities a nurse should have
Current knowledge of practice standards
Insightful and compassionate approach
Critical Thinking
Organized
Good communication
Clinical Experience
Patience and Competence
Physical stamina
During the professionalism lecture we talked about hard skills and soft skills what are some examples of hard skills?
Critical thinking, Admin meds, IV’s, foleys etc
During the professionalism lecture we talked about hard and soft skill what are some examples of soft skills?
Compassionate, Patience etc
In nursing what does being ethical look like?
Doing what is best, safe and right for the patient even when no one is watching
Who comes first in patient centered care?
The patient
When talking to the patient are you just speaking to the patient if family is present?
Unless specifically asked by the patient… you address both the patient and the family
What is a “professional” nurse?
A professional nurse can be defined as– an art, learning to deliver care with compassion, caring and respect for each patient’s dignity and inviduality.
What is one of the biggest skills that make us different from LVN’s?
Our ability to critcal think
What is one of the biggest skills that make us different from LVN’s?
Our ability to critically think
What is the Nurse Practice act?
Each state has a regulatory body that oversees the practice and function of nurses — The NPA– gives authority to regulate the practice of nursing and the enforcement of the law to the BNE. Essentially outlines what we can and cannot do as a nurse.
What does the scope of practice decision making model help you do as a Nurse?
It helps you assess the task, activity, procedure, role or intervention and if you should continue with performing said activity.
What is the BNE?
Board of Nursing Education
What does being an advocate for the patient mean to us as nurses?
Speaking up for the patient when we believe that something could be done better or something isn’t right with or for the patient.
Are you protected under the doctor if you do something that negatively impact the patient that you could have prevented?
No
Standards of Practice and Standards of professional performance— What are the major goals?
Improve the health and well-being of all individual, communites, and populations
using standard based practice
What is the nurse’s assessment?
The Rn collects comprehensive data pertinent to the patients’ health or situation
What is the nurse’s diagnosis?
The RN analyzes the assessment data to determine problems
What is the nurses outcome/identification?
The RN identifies expected outcomes for a plan invidulized to the patient or situation
What is the Nursing plan?
The RN develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcomes.
What is implementation in the nursing process?
The RN applies the identified plan– “action” phase. Coordinates care delivery and uses strategies to promote health and a safe enviroment
What is the evaluation in the nursing process?
The RN gauges progress toward the attainment of outcomes? Did our plan improve or worsen the patient.
What does APRN stand for?
Advanced Practice Registered Nurse.
Can a ARPN write orders for patients?
Yes
What is a novice?
A beginner. Student nurses are considered novice… An experienced starting a new specialized area would also be considered a novice.
What kind of nurse is considered an Advanced Beginner?
New graduate
What kind of characteristics would we see in a novice nurse
inexperienced, task oriented and “learning the rules”
What kind of characteristics would we see in an advanced beginner nurse.
Focused more on situations rather than tasks, works to acquire in-depth experience
When would a nurse be considered competent?
A nurse with 2-3 years’ experience
What type of characteristics would you see in a competent nurse?
Focuses more on situation rather than tasks & works to acquire in-depth experience.
When would a nurse be considered proficient?
More than 2-3 years of experience.
What kind of characteristics would you see in a proficient nurse?
Sees the situation as a whole, performs care faster and more efficiently and can assist newer nurses.
When would a nurse be considered an expert?
Several years of experience and diverse skills and knowledge
What kind of characteristics would you see in an expert nurse
Recognizes what is needed before the condition worsens, well-developed nursing intuition and determines relevant problems
What is Autonomy in nursing?
The ability to apply professional knowledge to patient care and clinical decision making.
What are some things as a nurse you can do independantly and without a doctors order?
Perform hygiene, vitals, turning patients, encourage eating when appropriate, encourage ambulating, encourage ROM excerzise
If you are not willing to be accountable for an action as a nurse should you do said action?
NO
True or false as a Nurse part of our role includes educating the patinet?
True
True or false as a Nurse part of our role includes educating the patient?
True
What are the 2 types of communication that we learned about?
- Verbal
- Non verbal
In nursing what is the purpose for communication?
- Develop a caring relationship
- increases patient satisfaction
- Improves patient safety
- Positive patient outcomes.
Communication has the power to do what?
Hurt and heal
True or False: Communication in nursing is a life long practice
True
True or False: Communication in nursing does not help reduce the risk of errors
False
True or false: Good communication can help prevent duplication or omitting of important information?
True
True or False: Communication is KEY to the nurse- patient relationship?
True
Should a nurse be empathetic or sympathetic towards a patient?
Empathetic
True or False: As nurses when we communicate with patients we are not allowed to view or respect the patients’ spiritual beliefs because it will hinder the message being given.
False– We should always allow spiritual expression and do so in a non-judgmental manner
True or false: Not every patient believes the way you do
True
A good nursing behavior is to promote interactive teaching and learning. What are some ways we can do that?
Engage the patient. Ask them to repeat back what you said, show them visualizations, answer questions.
True or false: A nurses behavior/mood can affect the quality of communication
True- a patient can sense when a nurse seems annoyed or rushed.
What is therapeutic nurse-patient relationship?
A helping relationship that’s based on mutual trust and respect, nurturing of faith and hope, being sensitive to self and others and assisting the gratification of your patients, physical, emotional and spiritual needs through your knowledge and skill.
True or false: Nurses who develope critical thinking skills are better communicators?
True
What might a patient think of a nurse who does not seem confident?
That the nurse does not know how to do his/her job
What are some tendencies when communicating that a nurse should be aware of
- perception influences thinking –> five scenses, cultrure, education
- perceptual bias–> steryotypes
- emotional intelligence –> self awareness, motivation, empathy and social skills
What is intrapersonal communication?
Self-talk
What is interpersonal communication?
Communication between others: 2 people–Commonly face to face.
What are some examples of when interpersonal communication is used during the nurse/patient contact?
During the initial assessment, for education, and to provide comfort and support
What is considered small group communication?
More than 2 people–
What are some examples of small group communication?
Staff meetings, committee meetings, support groups, family teaching sessions
Nurses utilize public speaking in the unique form of group communication by?
Education, presentations and lobbying for health legislation.
What is a type of electronic communication a patient can utilize?
Patient portal
True or False: You should respond to a patient even when you are angry?
False
What kind of referents (stimulus that motivate us to communicate) might a nurse need to be on the look-out for when in the patient room?
sighs, sounds, sensations, perceptions, idea or subject matter
True or false: Different cultures interpret communication differently
True-
Is it okay to talk in medical terminology with a patient?
No- Unless you know for fact the patient will understand. ex- doctors
True or False: Some patients have more knowledge than others when it comes to medical terms, history, dx etc…
true– a patient who has been dx with a condition or taking a med long enough may know more about it than a newly diagnosed patient. Therefore this patient will not need the same education as the newly dx patient.
What is denotative?
Literal
What is connotative?
Implied or emotional
What are the components to verbal communication?— need to do this flash card better
Vocab
Meaning of words
Pacing–> how fast or slow your delivery is
Intonation
Clarity
Brevity–>Use as few words as possbile
Timing
Relevance
Credibility of sender—-
Is it okay to give your patient false hope?
No
How can you clarify content?
You can restate what the patient has said to make sure you fully understand what they are saying.
True or false: It is okay to validate a patients feelings?
True
What are some communication techniques that can damage or hinder patient relationships?
Giving personal opinions, changing the subject, sympathy, asking for explanations, passive or aggressive responses.
Review-What are the components of nonverbal communication?
1.Personal Appearance
2.Posture and Gait
3.Facial expression
4.Eye Contact
5.Gestures
6. Sounds
7. Territoriality–> defined by the individual in a way not noticeable to others
8. comfort
9. Characteristics
What is intimate distance?
It is the area immediately surrounding a person that is defined as his or her personal space– We invade a patient personal or intimate space when we do assessments or provide other types of care. In some cultures, this is not liked or could make a patient uncomfortable.
What is personal distance?
Is from 18in up to 4ft. Interactions with clients and healthcare team member (clients health history, teaching, sitting at pt bedside) will commonly occur in this range
What is social distance?
Is generally between 4 to 12 ft and is common for formal interaction or when communicating with a group. At this distance, individuals are not in range to physical touch
What is public distance?
Anything beyond 12 ft. this distance requires loud and clear enuciation for communication. Be mindful if speaking at long distances about PHI.
During our communication lecture we talked about phases of the helping relationship—
Stage one is the pre-interaction– what is the description and action that occurs during this phase?
Description– You are assigned a patient and you start gathering info prior to meeting patient.
Action– Recieve report–> Anticipate health concerns/issues–> plan for your initial interaction
During our communication lecture we talked about phases of the helping relationship
Stage 2 is Orientation- What is the description and action that occurs during this phase?
Description– Intro to patient and fam. Establish rapport and trust and communicate to get things done.
Actions– Set the tone, Assess the patients health status, clarify roles/form contracts, prepare patient and family (when you leave)
During our communication lecture we talked about phases of the helping relationship
Stage 3 is Working– What is the description and action that occurs during this phase?
Description- Activate part of the relationship, use techiniques that support theraputic communication
Actions– provide info to assist the patient to understand/modify the behavior, encourage/assist the patient to self explore/set goals, take action to assist the patient to meet goals.
During our communication lecture we talked about the phases of the helping relationship
stage 4 is termination– what is the description and action that occurs during this phase?
Description- Conclusion of the relationship
Action- remind the patient that end of relationship is near, evaluate goals achieved reminisce, relinquish responsibility for patients care.
What are the guidelines for impaired cognition verbal communication?
- use short sentences
-use yes/no questions
-one question at a time/limit choices
-be concrete and specific
-avoid slang, jargon, medical terms
What are the communication guidelines for impaired speech and hearing patients?
-Nonverbal communication is crucial
-be positive and patient
-utilize hand gestures, picture board, white board, family
What are the communication guidelines for older adult patients?
-pick quiet enviroment
-face the patient
-check for hearing aides
-allow the patient time to respond
-give patient a chance to ask questions
-make sure the patient knows you are speaking to them
-speak clearly and slowly
-keep communication to the point
What is the SBAR
A tool that improves communication– typically used for nurse to doctor communication
When utilizing SBAR what 4 things will you address?
- Situation
- Background
3.Assessment
4.Recommendations
Other than nurse to doctor communication when else can the SBAR be used?
- during patient hand off
2.anytime there is important communication in the interdisciplinary team.
Where is the ideal place to give report and why?
At patients bedside to allow patient and family to participate.
What does inherent mean?
Inherent means that it is native to the host. Example is E.coli
What does contagious mean?
Spreadable
What is a systemic infection?
Systemic means affecting the entire body, rather than a single organ or body part
What is a secondary infection?
A secondary infection occurs during or after tx for another infection
What is a localized infection?
an infection that affects only one body part or organ
What is an Endogenous infection?
An endogenous infections lives within us
What is an exogenous infection?
A expgenous infection lives outside of us.
What is an infection?
An infection is when a pathogen invades tissues and begins multi within a host
What is coloization?
Presence and multiplication of microorganisms within a host put without tissue invasion or damage
What is communicable disease?
That which can be transmitted from one individual to another
What is a symptomatic infection?
When pathogens multiply and cause signs and symptoms of disease
What is an asymptomatic infection?
Infection-when pathogens multiply but no clinical signs or symptoms are present
What is virulence?
The ability to produce disease
What is the number one way to prevent infections?
Handwashing
Name types of barriers the prevent infection
Gloves, gown, mask, goggles
What is the difference between antiseptics and disinfectants?
Antiseptics is typically used on skin whereas disinfectants are typically chemicals used to clean inanimate objects
True or Fase: Immunizations/Medications can prevent the spread infections?
True
What is conscientious patient care in regards to preventing the spread of infection?
Keeping room clean and disinfected, emptying trash, cleaning bed pans etc…
What are some prevention and control techinique?
Hand hygiene, barrier techniques, antiseptics/disinfectants, immunizations, medications, conscientious patient care.
What are some prevention and control techniques?
Hand hygiene, barrier techniques, antiseptics/disinfectants, immunizations, medications, conscientious patient care.
What is the most important action during hand hygiene?
FRICTION
What is a nosocomial infection?
Hosptial aquired infection
True or false: Nosocomial infection is the same thing as Hospital acquired infection?
True
What is the iceberg effect in regard to infections?
A present infection is just the tip of the iceburg what could be happening underneath could be far worse as things began to colonize
What is our body’s first line of defense against infection?
Skin
How can our mouth prevent infection?
Saliva has chemical that help break down and prevent infection. Cilla in the mouth also help with moving the infection otu
How can our eye prevent infection?
Eyelashes help, tears
How can your respiratory tract help prevent infection?
We have cilia lining our respiratory tact that help move out infections, our ability to cough and produce secretions help by also moving out impeding infections
How can the Urinary tract help prevent infection?
By excreting things that do not belong
How can the GI tract help prevent infection?
In our GI we have normal flora that help kill off unwanted bacteria, The environment along the GI tract also helps. In the lower GI we have acid on top and base on bottom to help get rid of unwanted infection. Movement within the GI tract also helps
What is the first part of the chain of infection?
Infectious agent-bacteria, fungi, viruses, Rickettsiae, protozoa
What is the second part of the chain of infection
Reservoirs “enviroment” -people,water, equipment
What is the third part of the chain of infection?
Portal of exit- excretions, secretions, skin, droplets
What is the fourth part of the chain of infection?
Means of transmission- direct contact, ingestion, fomites–inanimate objects, airborne
What is the fifth part of the chain of infection?
Portal of entry- Mucous membrane, GI tract, GU tract, Resp tract, broken skin
What is the sixth and final part of the chain of infection?
susceptible host- immunosuppression, diabetic, burns, elderly, babies
What are some way that the reservoir stage in the chain of infection can be broken?
Enviromental sanitation, dirty work/space
What are some ways that the portal of exit stage in the chain of infection is broken?
Poor or absent hand hygiene
What are some way that the means of tranmission stage in the chain of infection is broken?
Standard percation not used, airflow, food handling
What are some ways that portal of entry stage in the chain of infection is broken?
Poor aseptic technique, poor cath care, poor wound care,
What are helminthes?
Worms
What are some types of reservoris?
Humans, animals, food, water, insects/arthoropds, soiled or wet dressings, hospital equipment
What is a reservoir?
It is where an infections organism reproduces and thrive
What are some types of portals of exit
Respiratory sputum, cough , sneeze
G-U: reproductive secretions, urine
GI: Saliva, emesis, blood, poop
Venous System: Blood
MM & non-intact skin: Draining wounds,
Ear/eyes
What are some types of “means of transmission”?
Direct contact
indirect contact: fomite inanimate objects
respiratory
vector– inseect
What are some indirect contact areas?
Gowns, bed linen, beside furniture, handles, iv poles, bp machines, pulse ox, stethoscopes, accudata machines,
What are the expectations when using bleech wipes?
Must keep the area you are cleaning wet for a min of 3 mins for bleech to be effective.
GOOD FOR CDIFF
What are the expectations when using hydrogen peroxide wipes?
Surface area must stay wet for a min of one min
NOT EFFECTIVE WITH CDIFF
What are some portal of entry sites?
GI-GU tract
mucous membranes
skin intgrity disruption
resp tract
eyes
Who is considered a susceptible host?
immunocompromised
aged or very young patients
trauma/surgery patients
indwelling devices
skin, mucous membrane breaks,
poor o2
impaired circulation
chronic or acute disease
MDRO
Poor aseptic measures
poor nutrition
stress
crowded environment
poor sanitation
travel exposure
What is isolation?
Isolation is the intentional separation and restriction of ill persons with a confirmed contagious, transmittable infection/disease
What are the four most common PPE items that we use?
Gowns, Masks, eye protection, gloves
What are the modes of transmission?
Contact, droplet and airborne
Teir 1: Standard precautions includes who?
All patients in ALL healthcare settings
Teir 2: expanded precautions include who?
Patients who are or are suspected of being colonized with a contagious, transmissible pathogen.
If a patient comes in and we suspect that they are contagious what happens next?
PCP,CN RN, ICP or house supervisor will order an isolation cart–> Central supply will bring iso cart–>We will place single use equipment inside the patient’s room–> Sign placed on the outside of the door to alert everyone to take precaution–> if this patient leaves our floor for any reason you must notify receiving dept.
A patient with MDRO which is MultiDrug resistant organism (Acinetobacter, pseudomonas, ESBL’s, CRE’s, etc) would be under what type of iso precaution?
Contact
A patient with VRE which is Vancomycin resistant enterococci would be under what type of iso percaution?
contact
A patient with rotovirus(diarrhea), LICE, SCABIES, wounds w/no dressing or containment of drainage would be under what type of ISO percaution?
contact
A patient with clostridium difficile (cdiff) or diarrhea on admit would be under what type of iso precaution?
special contact
A patient with influenza (flu), pertussis (whooping cough), bacterial meningitis would be under what type of iso precautions?
Droplet
A patient with TB (tuberculosis), Varicella (chicken pox), Measels (rubeola), disseminated shingles (shingles everywhere not localized or if the patient is immunocompromised patient), would be under what type of iso precaution?
Airborne
Walk yourself through entering and exiting a contact precaution room–
- Sanitize your hands
- Gown up
- glove up
- enter room
- ID yourself and patient
- take care of business
- when exiting
- unglove- throw in trash
- ungown- throw in blue linen bag
- sanitize or wash hands.
If a patient on contact iso needs to be transported what 4 things should you do before transport.
- assess pain
- Cover with white sheet.
- notify recieving dept.
- clean railing
Walk yourself through entering and exiting a SPECIAL contact room–
- Sanitize your hands
- Gown up
- glove up
- enter room
- ID yourself and patient
- take care of business
- when exiting
- unglove- throw in trash
- ungown- throw in blue linen bag
- WASH YOUR HANDS WITH SOAP AND WATER
If a patient on special contact iso needs to be transported what 4 things should you do before transport
- assess pain
- cover with white sheet
- notify receiving dept
- clean railing with BLEECH
When a patient has CDIFF what type of cleaning solution will you use?
Bleech.
True or false: Droplet particles are larger than 5 microns?
False
Walk yourself through entering and exiting a patient room who has droplet precautions
- Sanitize your hands
- Gown up. (optional but not needed)
- Mask up– Regular mask/mask with eye shield
- glove up
- enter room
- ID yourself and patient
- take care of business
- when exiting
- unglove- throw in trash
8.remove goggles
8.ungown- throw in blue linen bag
9.unmask in room
10.Sanitize or wash your hand
If a patient on droplet contact iso needs to be transported what 5 things should do before transport?
- assess pain
- cover with white sheet
- put mask on patient.
- notify receiving dept
- clean railing
Does the door of a patient who has droplet precaution have to be closed?
NO
Walk yourself through entering and exiting the room of a patient who is on airborne iso precaution
- Sanitize your hands
- Gown up. (optional but not needed)
- Mask up– N95 REQUIRED
- glove up
- enter room
- ID yourself and patient
- take care of business
- when exiting
- unglove- throw in trash
8.remove goggles - ungown- throw in blue linen bag
9.Sanitize or wash your hand
-close door - once outside of room unmask
If a patient on airborne iso needs to be transported what 5 things should you do before transport
- assess pain
- cover with white sheet
- put mask on patient.
- notify receiving dept
- clean railing
True or False: Particles over 5 microns are considered airborne
true
What type of room are patients on airborne iso placed in?
Negative pressure rooms
If a covid patient does not have or need aerosolized procedures what types of iso do we treat this as
Droplet + Contact
If a covid patient requires aerosolized procedures what type of iso do we treat this as?
Airborne
What is considered an aerosolized procedure?
Breathing tx, mechanical vents etc…
Walk yourself through entering and exiting a patients room on special respiratory precautions
- Sanitize your hands
- Gown up.
- Mask up– N95 REQUIRED
- face shield on
- glove up
- enter room
- ID yourself and patient
- take care of business
- when exiting
- unglove- throw in trash
11.remove goggles - ungown- throw in blue linen bag
13.Sanitize or wash your hand - once outside of room unmask
If a patient on airborne iso needs to be transported what 5 things should you do before transport
- assess pain
- cover with white sheet
- put mask on patient.
- notify receiving dept
- clean railing
Walk yourself through entering and exiting a patient room on protective precautions
-Self screen before entering. If sick DO NOT ENTER.
-Wash your hands with soap and water
- use standard precautions + what ever else the doctor my put in place for patient ex. “masks”
A patient on protective precautions should travel with what on each time.
-Clean linens and mask
Should we allow a patients family/friends to bring fresh fruit/flowers/veggies to a patient on protective precaution? Why or why not?
NO. Because they can be reservoirs
What type of room is a patient on protective precautions in?
Positive pressure room.
True or False: The only part of you gown that gets dirty is the backside.
False– Anything facing the patient is considered dirty
What is body mechanics?
Involves the coordinated effort of muscles, bones, and the nervous system to maintain balance, posture and alignment during moving, transferring, and positioning patients.
Your long bones can act as what?
levers
What are types of ranges of motion?
Flexion-like flexing
Extension- extend
Hyperextension
Abduction– think abduct– away
Adduction– think add– inwards
What are types of ranges of motion?
Flexion-like flexing
Extension- extend
Hyperextension
Abduction– think abduct– away
Adduction– think add– inwards
Rotation
Circumduction–circular motion
Duration, Frequency and Intensity are considered what?
Risk factors
True or False: the ANA would rather you manually lift than use a devise to assist due to cost.
False
Fact or fiction: Training nurses to use proper body mechanics ALONE will avoid injury
Fiction
Fact or fiction: While lifting devices minimize risk, the risk of MSD’s cannot be eliminated altogether?
True
MSD stands for what
Muscular Skeletal Disorder
Fact or fiction: studies have shown that patients feel more comfortable and secure when a mechanical transfer device is used
True
Fact or Fiction: I can actually take much longer to round up a team of colleagues to manually lift a patient than to find and use lifting equipment
True
Patient risk factors include– (body mechanics)
-Weak unable to help with transfers,
- vision or hearing loss
-unpredictable
- overweight
-uncooperative
-experiencing pain
- poor communication
Nurse risk factors include– body mechanics
-Previous injuries
-Not trained properly
- not compliant with policies and procedures
-poor physical health
-sleep deprived
Task related risk factors include— body mechanics
-reaching and lifting w/loads far from the body
-lifting heavy loads
-twisting while lifting
-reaching
-unexpected changes in load demand during lift
-long duration
True or false: To maintain good body mechanics you should face the direction of movement
True
True or false: To maintain good body mechanics you should have proper body alignment
True
True or False: To maintain good body mechanics the center of gravity does not matter
false
True or false: To maintain good body mechanics you only need to worry about the center of gravity and not about balance?
False
True or False: To maintain good body mechanics you should have a good base of support by standing with your feet together
False
True or false: It is important to keep your center of gravity over a wide base of support
True
What are the steps of good body mechanics principles
- get help
2.Flex knees, keep feet wide apart - keep back, neck, pelvis, and feet aligned and avoid twisting
- tighten stomach muscles and pull butt in
- keep object close to self
- use arms and legs not back.
- use coordinated movements
How do you find out what type of activity a patient can do?
Check the patients activity report given to you in report at start of shift
What is BR or CBR
Bedrest complete
what is BR with BRP
Bedrest with bathroom privileges
What is Up ad lib
As patient wants to or desires
What is up as tolerated
as patient is able to or tolerate
What is dangle in activity orders mean?
Patient may sit and dangle their feet over the edge of the bed
What is Up in chair with assist?
Patient may transfer from bed to chair with help
What does NWB mean (weight bearing)
Non-weight bearing
What does TDWB mean (weight bearing)
Touch-Down Weight Bearing
What does TTWB mean -weight bearing
toe-touch weight bearing
What does WBAT mean– weight bearing
Weight bearing as tolerated
What does FWB mean– weight bearing
Full weight bearing
Red Rules and fall bundle–Standard patient require what
-call light within reach
-room free of clutter
-belongings within reach
-bed locked in lowest position
-non-skid socks
Red rules and fall bundle– Moderate pt requires what in addition to a standard pt
- fall magnet
-yellow socks
-yellow gown
Red rules and fall bundle– high pts requires what in addition to standard and moderate pts
- door opened
-bed alarm/chair alarm
True or false: It is okay to leave pts unattended in the shower
false
What is considered to be high fowlers position?
HOB at 90 degrees
What is considered to be fowlers position?
HOB 45 degrees or more
What is considered to be semi fowlers position?
HOB raised to 30 degrees or more
What is the trendelenburg position?
Entire bed tilted with HOB down
What is the reverse Trendelenburg?
Entire bed tilted with FOB down
Name different patient postures
-Supine– think supper ready to eat on back
-Prone– think prone to hit the floor if you dont watch your step
- lateral– think about how you sleep– on your side
-lateral recumbent– on side with leg bent
-orthopneic– good for patients who not breath–sitting up and leaned over to take pressure off
-lithotomy-think gyno appt.
What points should you consider when moving a patient?
- how capable is the patient
-Do we need any assistive devices
-does the equipment function correctly
Name some of the different types of assistive devices
-gait belt
-air pal
-slide board
-trapeze bars
-hoyer left
True or false: It does not matter where you place the gait belt
False– it should be placed above the hips, around the waist and above the belly button
When holding on to the gait belt your thumb should make what kind of sign
thumbs up
True or false: It is best practice to have the bed at the highest level that is best for all assisting in moving patient
true
When sizing crutches how many fingers width should you allow between the axilla and top of crutch
2-3 fingers width
What could be injured if you incorrectly size crutches
brachial plexus
True or false: Your wrists should line up with grab bars when arms are relaxed when sizing crutches
true
What degree should your elbow flexion be when grasping handgrips to size crutches?
15-30degrees
What does BID, B.I.D, bid, b.i.d mean
two times per day
TID, T.I.D, tid, t.i.d means what
Three times per day
QID, Q.I.D, qid, q.i.d means what
four times per day
What is IVPB– route of admin
Intravenous piggy back
What is IVP– route of admin
Intravenous push
Route of admin– what is TD
Transdermal
Route of admin– what is PR
Per rectum
Route of admin– what is SL
Sublingual, under tongue
Route of admin what is ID
intradermal
the prefix mc stands for what metric unit
micro
How do you abbreviate microgram
mcg
1 milliliter mL is equal to how many cubic centimeters?
1 cubic centimeter cc
1 teaspoon tsp is equal to how many milliliters mL?
5 (mL)
1000 mililiters equals how many liters?
1 liter L
3 teaspoons (tsp) = how man tablespoons Tbsp
1 Tbsp
1000 micrograms (mcg)= how man miligrams?
1 milligram mg
2 tablespoons Tbsp is = to how many ounces?
1 oz ounces
1000 grams (g) = how many kilograms kg
1kg
30milliliters is = to how many ounces?
1 oz
1 kilogram or kg is = to how many pounds?
2.2 Ibs
1Ib is = to how many grams (g)
454g
1 tbsp is = to how many mL?
15mL
1 teaspoon is equivalent to how many mL?
5mL
1 tablespoon Tbsp is equivalent to how many tsp?
3 tsp
1 cup is equivalent to how many oz?
8
1 cup is equivalent to how many Tbsp?
16 Tbsp
1 cup is equivalent to how many mL?
240
1 pint is equivalent to how many cups?
2 cups
1 pint is equivalent to how many mL?
480
1 quart is equivalent to how many pints
2pints
1 quart is equivalent to how many cups?
4 cups
1 gallon is equivalent to how many quarts?
4 quarts
1 gallon is equivalent to how many pints
8 pints
1 fluid oz is equivalent to how many Tbsp
2 Tbsp
1 fluid ounce is equivalent to how many mL
30mL
16 ounces (weight) is equal to how many pounds
1 pound
1 gallon is equal to how many mL?
3785mL
1ft is equal to how many in
12in
1 in is equal to how many cm
2.54 cm
39.4 in is equal to how many m
1
1m is equal to how man mm
1000
1km is equal to how many m
1000
for review:To convert temp from degrees Celsius to Fahrenheit by multi by 1.8 and add 32
To convert temp from degrees Celsius to Fahrenheit by 1.8 and add 32
