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AP Psych > pgs 10-12 > Flashcards

pgs 10-12 Flashcards

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1
Q

a chemical substance that alters perceptions and mood

A

Psychoactive drugs

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2
Q

Type: Stimulant
Cocaine/dopamine

A

Cocaine

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3
Q

Type: depressant
GABA/glutamate/alcohol tranquilizers

A

Alcohol

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4
Q

Type: Hallucinogen
LSD/serotonin

A

LSD

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5
Q

Type: Hallucinogen
Dopamine/THC/anandamine

A

Marijuana

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6
Q

Type: Hallucinogen
Ecstasy/serotonin

A

Ecstasy

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7
Q

The diminishing effects with regular use of the same dose of a drug

A

Tolerance

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8
Q

The discomfort and distress that follows discontinuing the use of an addictive drug, usually cause a person to go back on drug

A

Withdrawal

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9
Q

Drugs that excite neural activity and speed up body functions

A

Stimulants

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10
Q

drug that reduce neural activity and slow body functions

A

Depressants

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11
Q

A depressant ALWAYS, no matter the amount taken (will be on AP test)

A

Alcohol

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12
Q

Psychedelic drug that distorts perceptions and evoke sensory images in the absence of a sensory input

A

Hallucinogens

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13
Q

Opium and its derivatives, the depress neural activity, temporarily lessening pain and anxiety

A

Opiates

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14
Q

A person’s characteristic emotional reactivity and intensity

A

Temperament

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15
Q

the proportion of variation among individual that can attribute to genes

A

Heritability

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16
Q

Enduring behaviors, ideas, values, attitudes, and traditions shared by a grp

A

Culture

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17
Q

An understood rule for accepted and expected behavior

A

Norm

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18
Q

giving priority to one’s own goals over group goals and defining one’s identity in terms of personal attributes rather than group identification

A

Individualism

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19
Q

giving priority to the goals of one’s goals and defining personal id as so

A

Collectivism

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20
Q

proposes that general intelligence is linked to many cluster that can be analyzed by factor analysis (he made up factor analysis)

A

Spearman

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21
Q

a statistical procedure that identifies clusters on related items on a test

A

Factor analysis

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22
Q

wanted to broaden definition of intelligence, created 8 types of intelligence

A

Gardner

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23
Q

created his three types of intelligences

A

Sternberg

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24
Q

published first useful test of general mental ability; broke kids up into ‘bright’ and ‘dull’ by how compared with both their chronological age and mental age

A

Binet

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25
Q

made Binet’s test Americanized

A

Terman

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26
Q

WAIS - study personal strengths and weaknesses in 11 different subjects

A

Wechsler

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27
Q

Mental age/Chronological age x 100

A

IQ formula

28
Q

designed to determine what an individual had learned

A

Achievement test

29
Q

designed to predict one’s capacity to learn in the future

A

Aptitude test

30
Q

test has multiple possible answers (words that begin with s)

A

divergent thinking

31
Q

test only has one correct answer (2+2=?)

A

Covergent thinking

32
Q

the debate of whether you are shaped by envir. or genes

A

Nature vs. Nuture

33
Q

physical and cognitive abnormalities in children cause by a pregnant women’s heavy drinking

A

FAS - fetal alcohol syndrome

34
Q

when touched on the cheek, the baby will turn its head and seek a nip (haha funny)

A

rooting reflex

35
Q

when startles, baby flings limb out and slowly retract them

A

Moro reflex

36
Q

when a baby’s foot is stroked, they will spread their toes

A

babinski reflex

37
Q

when an object is placed into baby’s mouth, the infant will suck on it

A

sucking reflex

38
Q

if an object is placed in baby’s palm, the baby will try to grasp it

A

grasping reflex

39
Q

ones accumulates knowledge and verbal skills, increasing with age

A

crystallized intelligence

40
Q

created the Harlow’s monkey experiment, raise baby monkeys w/ a wire mother and a bottle vs a terry cloth mother, most monkeys like food rather than the mother

A

Harry Harlow

41
Q

studied how different attachment styles affected kids

A

Mary Ainsworth

42
Q

confidently explore the novel envir. while parents are present, are distressed when they leave, and come to parents and will explore the novel

A

Secure attachment

43
Q

may resist being held by parents and will explore the novel envir. They do not got to parents for comfort afterwards.

A

Avoidant attachment

44
Q

have ambivalent reactions to parents, they may show extreme stress when parents leave, but when they return resist comfort

A

anxious attachment

45
Q

set strict standards and apply punishment for violations (hard bed/ my fricken parents)

A

Authoritarian

46
Q

do not set clear guidelines for kids and randomly enforce rules (soft bed)

A

Permissive

47
Q

have set standards, but able to explain them with kids when broken, encourage independence, but not too strict on punishments (just right bed)

A

Authoritative

48
Q

birth to one year, infancy - if needs are dependably met, infants develop a sense of basic trust

A

Trust v Mistrust

49
Q

age 1 to 2 - learn to excessive will and do things for themselves, or they doubt their abilities

A

Autonomy v shame/doubt

50
Q

age 3-5, preschoolers - learn to initiate tasks and carry out plans, or thy feel guilty about efforts to be independent

A

Initiative v guilt

51
Q

age 6 to puberty -learn the pleasures of applying themselves to take, or they feel inferior

A

industry v inferiority

52
Q

teen years the to early 20s - struggle to form close relationships and to gain the capacity for intimate love, or they feel isolated

A

intimacy v isolation

53
Q

40s to 60s - people discover a sense of contributing to the world, usually through family and work, or they feel a lack of purpose for their life.

A

integrity v despair

54
Q

birth to 2 years, experience world through senses and actions, learn object permanence and stranger anxiety

A

Sensorimotor

55
Q

2 to 6 years, representing things with words rather than images, use intuitive rather than logical thinking, very egocentric

A

Preoperational

56
Q

ages 7-11, think logically about concrete events, grasp concrete analogies and performing arithmetical operations, learn conservation

A

concrete operational

57
Q

12 and up, begin to think abstractly, understand abstract logical and potential for nature moral reasoning

A

formal operational

58
Q

infant seeks pleasure through their mouths

A

oral

59
Q

toilet training, pleasure in controlling body

A

anal

60
Q

realize their gender, love mother, hate father

A

phallic

61
Q

repress sexual urges to work w/ everyone

A

latency

62
Q

pleasure in genitals and sex lasts for rest of life

A

genitals

63
Q

boys fear father will castrate them bc of their love for mom

A

oedipus complex

64
Q

girls fear mother will castrate them bc of their love for father

A

electra complex

65
Q

obey in order to avoid punishment or get a reward

A

preconventional

66
Q

care for other and uphold laws and social rules simply bc they are laws

A

coventional

67
Q

affirm peoples agreed-upon rights or follow what one personally perceives as correct or ethically ok

A

Postconventional

AP Psych (12 decks)

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