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AP Psych > Pg 2-3 > Flashcards

Pg 2-3 Flashcards

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1
Q

Explore the links between brain and mind

A

Biological

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2
Q

Study how we perceive, thinks, and solve problems

A

Cognitive

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3
Q

study that says that humans are basically good and posses a free-will

A

Humanistic

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4
Q

A study that says all beh is observable and measurable

A

Behavioral

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5
Q

study of the unconscious, includes childhood and aggression issues

A

Psychoanalystic

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6
Q

study of how cultural and political experiences

A

Sociocultural

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7
Q

study of the evolutionary of humans over time (from apes)

A

Evolutionary

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8
Q

study of our changing abilities from womb to tomb

A

Developmental

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9
Q

father of psychology

A

Wilhelm Wundt

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10
Q

looking inward at one’s own mental processes

A

introspection

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11
Q

analyze sensation, images, and feelings into their most basic elements

A

Structuralism

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12
Q

man who said the brain and mind are constantly changing

A

William James

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13
Q

underlying causes and practical consequences of certain beh and mental strategies - “stream of consciousness”

A

Functionalism

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14
Q

man who discovered Tabula Rosa - mind is a blank slate at birth and is written through experience

A

John Locke

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15
Q

founder of psychoanalysis

A

Sigmund Frued

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16
Q

all beh is meaningful and driven by unconscious forces

A

Psychoanalytic theory

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17
Q

Aims to solve practical problems

A

applied research

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18
Q

pure science that aims to increase the scientific knowledge bas.

A

basic research

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19
Q

is a testable prediction, often induced by a thy, to enable us to accept, reject, or revise the thy.

A

Hypothesis

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20
Q

a factor, manipulated by the experimenter

A

IV

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21
Q

a factor that may change in response to the IV

A

DV

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22
Q

is an explanation that integrates principles, organizes, and predicts beh or event

A

Theory

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23
Q

a clear statement of what one is looking for in an experiment

A

Operational definition

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24
Q

it measure what you want it to be measured

A

Reliability

25
Q

Process by which participants that can be selected for the sample

A

Population

26
Q

take the results from a smaller group and apply that to a larger group of people

A

Representative sample

26
Q

everyone has an equal chance of being selected for the experiment because the participants are chosen at random

A

random sample

27
Q

group that does not take part in the critical part of the experimentation process, used as a comparison group

A

Control

28
Q

the experimenter, either unconsciously, or consciously, affects the outcome of the experiment.

A

Experimenter bias

29
Q

the subjects do not know what group they belong

A

Single-blind procedure

30
Q

neither the experimenter nor the subject knows what group the subjects are in.

A

Double-blind procedure

31
Q

If you know you’re being studied, you will act differently than you normally/typically would

A

Hawthorne effect

32
Q

Sugar pill - something administered that has no real effect on the person other than what they think mentally.

A

Placebo

33
Q

as one goes up, the other goes up

A

Positive correlation

34
Q

as one goes up, the other goes down

A

Negative correlaton

35
Q

a technique for ascertaining the self-reported attitudes, opinions, or beh of people in a questionnaire, or similar way of ascertaining information

A

Survey

36
Q

observing and recording beh in the wild/natural environment

A

Naturalistic observation

37
Q

get a full, detailed picture of one participant or a small group of participants

A

case study

38
Q

average of the scores - add them up and divide by total number of scores

A

mean

39
Q

middle score - when all scored are put numerically in order, the middle score

A

median

40
Q

the most frequently occurring score in the distribution

A

mode

41
Q

the lowest score subtracted from the higher score

A

range

42
Q

the average distance of scores around the mean

A

standard deviation

43
Q

a type of standard score that tells us how many standard deviations units given a score is above or below the mean for that group

A

z-score

44
Q

a fatty covering around the axon of some neurons that speeds the neural impulse

A

Myelin Sheath

45
Q

wire-like structure ending in the terminal that extends from the cell body

A

Axon

46
Q

a nerve cell; the basic building block of the nervous system

A

nuerons

47
Q

neurons that carry incoming information from the sense receptors (nose, ears, hands) to the central nervous system

A

Sensory nuerons (afferent)

48
Q

central nervous system neurons that internally communicate and intervene between the sensory inputs and the motor outputs

A

Interneuron

49
Q

neurons that carry incoming information from the central nervous system to the muscles and glands

A

motor neurons (efferent)

50
Q

chemical contained in terminal buttons that enable neurons to communicate; they fit into the receptor site of neuron-like a key fits into a lock

A

neurotransmitters

51
Q

excite, by causing neurotransmitters to hit site multiple time

A

agonist

52
Q

inhibits, by blocking neurotransmitters

A

antagonists

53
Q

the brain and spinal cord

A

(CNS) Central nervous system

54
Q

sensory and motor neurons that connect the CNS to the rest of the body

A

(PNS) Peripheral nervous system

55
Q

the division of the PNS that controls the body’s skeletal muscles

A

Somatic NS

56
Q

the part of the PNS that controls the glands and muscles of the internal organs, like the heart

A

Automatic NS

57
Q

arouses the body

A

Sympathetic NS

58
Q

calms the body

A

Parasympathetic NS

AP Psych (12 decks)

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