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Toxicology > Pesticides > Flashcards

Pesticides Flashcards

0
Q

accumulation of DDT?

A

adipose tissue

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1
Q

DDT?

A

Dichlordiphenyltrichlorethan

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2
Q

DDT can have properties of what hormone?

A

estrogen

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3
Q

target of DDT?

A

Na-channel locked in open state => spontaneous firing(epilepsy)

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4
Q

POP=?

A

persistent organic pollutant

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5
Q

Organophosphates persistent?

A

no, biodegradable.

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6
Q

why does Malathion (organophosphate) show higher selectivity?

A

given as pro-drug, only activated in organisms producing special enzyme for activation.

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7
Q

effect of organophosphates?

A

inhibition of AcCh esterase => accumulation of AcCh

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8
Q

Antagonists for organophosphates?

A

Atropin (Tollkirsche)

Oxim: chem. regeneratio of AcCh esterase

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9
Q

effect of carbamate?

A

reversible blocking of AcCh esterase

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10
Q

Target of pyrethroids?

Selectivity?

A

Na channels

pretty high, not very toxic for mammals, good metabolisation

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11
Q

Paraquat (Herbicide) effect?

A

inhibition of photosynthesis.

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12
Q

problem of Paraquat for humans?

A

prod. of radicals => inflammation

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13
Q

antidote paraquat?

A

no specific antidote…

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14
Q

Examples for rodenticides?

A

Tl Sulfate: banned
Phosphines (PH3) very toxic
Anticoagulants

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15
Q

effect of anticoagulants?

A

inhibition of synthesis of clotting factors `=> internal bleeding.

16
Q

treatment for anticoagulants?

A

Absorption w/ charcoal

clotting factors or Vit K.

17
Q

chemical class DDT?

A

chlorinated cyclic hydrocarbons

18
Q

biological target of organophosphates & Carbamate? (insecticides)

A

cholinergic synapse, inhib.of AcCh esterase

19
Q

difference of effect organophosphates vs. carbamate?

A

organoph. : irreversible

carbamate: reversible

20
Q

how would you treat organophosph. intoxication?

A 
oxim `=> regen. of AcCh esterase
or Atropin (Antagonist)
21
Q

why parathion much more toxic than malathion?

A

malathion only a pro-drug. activated in target organism.

Toxicology (9 decks)

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