Personality (KA)

Question 1

Freud’s 2 insitinctual drives

Answer 1

Libido (survival, growth, pleasure)

Death instinct (aggression, wish to die/hurt)

Question 2

Sublimation

Answer 2

Unwanted impulses are transformed into something less harmful

Question 3

Humanistic theory

Answer 3

Carl Rogers + Maslow

Humans are inherently good

Motivated by self-actualization

Question 4

Social potency trait

Answer 4

Degree to which person assumes leadership roles

Question 5

People w/ longer DA-4 receptor gene

Answer 5

More likely to be thrill seekers

Question 6

Behaviorist theory

Answer 6

Behavior is deterministic due to learned behavior patterns in environment

• Skinner (operant), Pavlov (classical)

Question 7

Types of traits

Answer 7

Allport:

Cardinal (dominant)
Central
Secondary

Question 8

• Cattell

- Eysenck

Answer 8

• 16 PF

- Extroversion, neuroticism, psychoticism

Question 9

5 factor model (Big 5)

Answer 9

OCEAN

Openness
Conscientiousness
Extroversion
Agreeableness
Neuroticism

Question 10

Social cognitive theory

Answer 10

Interactions b/w people and environment

Cognition plays role (different from behaviorism)

Question 11

Bandora

Answer 11

Bobo Doll experiment

Question 12

Learning-performance distinction

Answer 12

Learning behavior and performing it are different

Question 13

Mnemonic for motivation

Answer 13

Am I Motivated?

• Attention
• Memory
• Imitation
• Motivation

Question 14

Causes of schizophrenia

Answer 14

Decreased cerebral cortex size

Increased DA

Abnormal mesocorticolimbic pathway (VTA in midbrain + cerebral cortex)

Question 15

Nuclei lost in Alzheimer’s

Answer 15

Nucleus basalis

• Releases Ach

Question 16

Groupthink

Answer 16

Maintaining group harmony is more important than being correct

Question 17

Anomie

Answer 17

Breakdown of social bonds b/w individual and community

Question 18

Informational social influence

Answer 18

We conform b/c we feel others are more knowledgeable

Question 19

Asch conformity studies

Answer 19

Participants conform with confederates and give wrong answer

Question 20

Demand characteristics

Answer 20

Participants in study may act how they thought experimenter wanted them to behave

Question 21

Factors that influence conformity:

Answer 21

Group size
Unanimity
Group status
Group cohesion
Observed behaviour
Public response

Question 22

Factors that influence obedience:

Answer 22

Closeness to authority
Physical proximity
Legitimacy
Institutional
Victim distance
Depersonalization of victim
Role models

Question 23

Social facilitation

Answer 23

Being in presence of others will show most dominant response (whatever is most likely to occur)

Question 24

Primary deviance

Answer 24

No big consequences

Question 25

Secondary deviance

Answer 25

Serious consequences

Question 26

Strain theory

Answer 26

Block person from attaining goal => they turn to deviance

Question 27

Dishabituation

Answer 27

Previously habituated stimulus is removed

Question 28

Sensitization

Answer 28

Increase in responsiveness to repeated stimulus

Question 29

Taxis

Answer 29

Purposeful movement

Question 30

Kinesis

Answer 30

Random, unpurposeful movement

Question 31

Latent learning

Answer 31

Learned behavior is not expressed until required

Question 32

Insight learning

Answer 32

Aha moment

Question 33

Central processing route

Answer 33

Deep processing

Lasting attitude change

Question 34

Peripheral processing route

Answer 34

Shallow processing

Temporary attitude change

Question 35

Tyranny of choice

Answer 35

Too many choices => negatively impact cognition

Question 36

Effects of information overload

Answer 36

Decision paralysis

Increased regret

Question 37

Ego depletion

Answer 37

Self-control = limited resource

• Resist one thing => less self-control with other things