Personality Disorders Flashcards by Bianca Helfrich

What is a personality

Combination of traits that stay stable across situations but can chang over time

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What is a personality disorder

Pattern of behavior that is deviant from a person’s cultural norms

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Explain what individuals with personality disorders

They are on the extreme end, suffer distress or impairment, have trouble RELATING to OTHERS, 2/3 have 2X PD diagnosis

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What did Szasz think

Is it part of you or not

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What is OCD

Dystonic, not part of identity

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What is OCPD

Syntonic, part of identity

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What is the DSM description of PDs

Impairments with pathological personality that is relatively stable

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Why has the PD category been criticized

Lack of scientific rigor from freud

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Did they try to dro pthe PD categories in the DSM

Yes

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What did the DSM-5 propose

Dimensional alternative that focused on: PERSONALITY functions and PATHOLOGICAL personality traits

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What is personality functioning

Impaiment in functioning along a continum

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What is HiTOP

Hierarchical taxonomy of psychopatholoy, DIMENSIONAL alternative with a spectra

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What does HiTOP do

Meet the pt where their symptoms are

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What is antisocial PD

Breaking the LAW, disregard for social NORMS, lack of GUILT and REMORSE

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What is the DSM list for antisocial PD

Since the age of 15, diganosed at 18, with evidence of CONDUCT disorder

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Why is antisocial PD more common in lower SES

Downward drift theory

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What is axoidant PD

Avoids relationships due to FEAR of rejection

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What is OCPD

Lack of SPONTANEITY with excess ATTENTION to detail

What do people with OCPD struggle with

Finishing projects

What is borderline PD

unstable RELATIONSHIPS, fear of ABANDONMENT, unrealistic SELF-IMAGE, self-DESTRUCTIVE behavior

Is borderline PD over disgnosised

Yes

What is narcissistic PD

inflated self-image and need for attention, thinks they are the best thing ever, hard time taking CRITICISM

What is schizotypal PD

Difficulty forming relaitonships due to below threshold schizophrenia with magical thinking and inappropriate social responses

What is the dark triad

Narcissism, machiavellianism, and psychopathy

What is narcissism correlated with

Higher salaries

What is machiavellianism

Manipulation

What is machiavellianism correlated with

Positions of leadership

What is psychopathy

Lacking empthy

Is psychopathy maladaptive or adaptive

Both adaptive when in combination

What is the scale for the dark triad

Jonason and Webster, average of 33

What is Hand Kohut's self psychology belief

In childhood we have healthy narcissism and then it doesn't go away

What is Otto Kernbergs belief

Splitting of the self after not figuring out their identy

What is Margaret Mahler's beliefs

Separation-individuation fails with the relationship with mothers

What is the focus of the cognitive-learning perspective related to PDs

Childhodd reinforcement of negative behaviors

What can excessive control lead to

OCPD

What can excessive restriction lead to

AvoidantPD

What can lead to a narcissistic PD

Rewards related to performance

What can lead to antisocial PD

Don't see people as reinforcers, or gets attention from acting out

What is problem-solving therapy related to PDs

Train antisocial adolescents to view negative social interactions as problems to be SOLVED rather than threats to SELF

What is dislectical-behavior therapy related to PDs

Analysis of behaviors and how to be better and match ideal actions, most COMMON

What is teh biological perspective realted to PDs

have genetic and biological bases, hard to separate out the influence of the environment

What is the biological aspect of antisocial PD

Low epinephrin leads to lack of anxiety

What is the biological treatment for PDs

antidepressants to remove anxity

What is the sociocultural perspective of PDs

Excessive versions of socially reinforce characteristics, arbitray, medicalizing violation of social norms