Personality Disorders Flashcards
What is a personality
Combination of traits that stay stable across situations but can chang over time
What is a personality disorder
Pattern of behavior that is deviant from a person’s cultural norms
Explain what individuals with personality disorders
They are on the extreme end, suffer distress or impairment, have trouble RELATING to OTHERS, 2/3 have 2X PD diagnosis
What did Szasz think
Is it part of you or not
What is OCD
Dystonic, not part of identity
What is OCPD
Syntonic, part of identity
What is the DSM description of PDs
Impairments with pathological personality that is relatively stable
Why has the PD category been criticized
Lack of scientific rigor from freud
Did they try to dro pthe PD categories in the DSM
Yes
What did the DSM-5 propose
Dimensional alternative that focused on: PERSONALITY functions and PATHOLOGICAL personality traits
What is personality functioning
Impaiment in functioning along a continum
What is HiTOP
Hierarchical taxonomy of psychopatholoy, DIMENSIONAL alternative with a spectra
What does HiTOP do
Meet the pt where their symptoms are
What is antisocial PD
Breaking the LAW, disregard for social NORMS, lack of GUILT and REMORSE
What is the DSM list for antisocial PD
Since the age of 15, diganosed at 18, with evidence of CONDUCT disorder
Why is antisocial PD more common in lower SES
Downward drift theory
What is axoidant PD
Avoids relationships due to FEAR of rejection
What is OCPD
Lack of SPONTANEITY with excess ATTENTION to detail
What do people with OCPD struggle with
Finishing projects
What is borderline PD
unstable RELATIONSHIPS, fear of ABANDONMENT, unrealistic SELF-IMAGE, self-DESTRUCTIVE behavior
Is borderline PD over disgnosised
Yes
What is narcissistic PD
inflated self-image and need for attention, thinks they are the best thing ever, hard time taking CRITICISM
What is schizotypal PD
Difficulty forming relaitonships due to below threshold schizophrenia with magical thinking and inappropriate social responses
What is the dark triad
Narcissism, machiavellianism, and psychopathy
What is narcissism correlated with
Higher salaries
What is machiavellianism
Manipulation
What is machiavellianism correlated with
Positions of leadership
What is psychopathy
Lacking empthy
Is psychopathy maladaptive or adaptive
Both adaptive when in combination
What is the scale for the dark triad
Jonason and Webster, average of 33
What is Hand Kohut’s self psychology belief
In childhood we have healthy narcissism and then it doesn’t go away
What is Otto Kernbergs belief
Splitting of the self after not figuring out their identy
What is Margaret Mahler’s beliefs
Separation-individuation fails with the relationship with mothers
What is the focus of the cognitive-learning perspective related to PDs
Childhodd reinforcement of negative behaviors
What can excessive control lead to
OCPD
What can excessive restriction lead to
AvoidantPD
What can lead to a narcissistic PD
Rewards related to performance
What can lead to antisocial PD
Don’t see people as reinforcers, or gets attention from acting out
What is problem-solving therapy related to PDs
Train antisocial adolescents to view negative social interactions as problems to be SOLVED rather than threats to SELF
What is dislectical-behavior therapy related to PDs
Analysis of behaviors and how to be better and match ideal actions, most COMMON
What is teh biological perspective realted to PDs
have genetic and biological bases, hard to separate out the influence of the environment
What is the biological aspect of antisocial PD
Low epinephrin leads to lack of anxiety
What is the biological treatment for PDs
antidepressants to remove anxity
What is the sociocultural perspective of PDs
Excessive versions of socially reinforce characteristics, arbitray, medicalizing violation of social norms
