Chapter 2 Perspectives Flashcards
Is psychology a field with a signle unified theory
No
Is the feild of psych wrighed down by the past history of it
Yes
What is the idea of the biological perspective
The mind is effected by the body
What is the biological perspective rooted in historically
Hippocrates humors
Which people argued that mental disorder has a PHYSICAL BASIS and should be treated as such
Griesinger and Kraepelin
What is demetia praecox
Precursosr of schizophrenia
What is manic-depressive psychosis
Bipolar disorder
What is the current root of the biological perspective
Understanding the brain and nervous system
Are genetics a determining factor with psych
No they do play an IMPORTANT role but not determining
What is a predisposition
An increased likelyhood you will have a disease compared to someone without the GENE
What is the concordance rate
The percent of twins that both have the disease compared to when just one has it
What triggers predispositions to turn into a disease
GENES, ENCIRONMENT, BIOLOGY
Where does mych of the bilological perspective research come from
Neuroscience
Is neuroscience limited
Yes, and it’s scope and spplication gets put out of purportion
What is the psychological perspective rooted in
Talking cures
Who used hypnosis to treat hysterical paralysis (psychological perspective)
Jean-Martin Charcot and Joseph Breuer
What was the aim of hypnosis
Catharsis- bring unconscious emotiong up
What perspective influenced freud into creating his psychodynamic model
Psychological perspective (hypnosis)
What is Freuds psychodynamic perspective based on
The internal dynamics of the unconscious mind
What does Freuds model believe causes illness
UNCONSCIOUS out of BALANCE, CHILDHOOD
What is the Id
Always there, CHILDREN, pleasure, UNCONSCIOUS
What is the ego
Doesn’t want to feel bad, makes DECIOUSIONS
What is the superego
Develops, consciousness
What is freuds model of development
oral, anal, phallic, latent, genital
What is labedal
Sexual energy burried in unconsciousness
Who created the Neo-freudian model
Jung’s ANALYTIC psychology, Adler’s INDIVIDUAL psycholgy, HORNEY and SULLIVAN
What was the point is Jung’s analytic psychology
Self-awareness and self-direction
What was the point in Adlers individual psych
Inferiority complex, birth order
What was the point in Horney and Sullivan
Social contexts and objected to the sexism of freuds model
Why are psychodynamic models not liked
SEXISM, very little empirical SCIENCE, no evdience for an UNCONSCIOUS
What do learning perscpective models focus on
Classical and operant learning
What is classical learning
Learning by association
What is operant learning
Learning by consequences
What persceptive is the social-cognitive theory in
The learning perspective
What is the social-cognitive theory
Learning from observing others
Why is the learning perspective used
Changing BEHAVIOR, rooted in SCIENCE
What is the focus of the humanistic model
Value of being human, self0actualization
Does science support the humanistic perspective descriptive models or personhood
No
What is the most common approach to therapy
Humanistic
What is the focus on the cognitive perspective
How we view reality based on information, memories, and though processes
Which perspective believes that illness is a result of maladaptive thought patterns
Cognitive perspective
What is Alber Ellis’s ABC model
ACTIVATING events react with BELIEGS to bring about responses to CONSEQUENCES
What does Aaron Beck believe
Depression is a result of sognitive errors
What is the cognitive error of selective abstraction
Focusing on flaws
What is the cognitive error of overgeneralization
Making opion from a few bad experiences
What is the cognitive error of madnification
Blowing things out of proportion
What is the cognitive error of absolutist thinking
Black and white thinking
What is the belief of the sociocultural perspective
Mental illness is from the failures of societies is a social CONSTRUCT
Is there regional, ethnic and national variations in incidence of mental illness
Yes, SES and cultural biases
What can be both a cause and consequence of mental illness
SES
What is the downward drigt hypothesis
The less money you have the more mental illness you have
Who wrote the Myth of Mental Illness and why
Thomas Szasz, classification is an attempt by society to CONTROL those who are DIFFERENT
What are some terms from the Myth of Mental ILlness
INVOLUNTARY COMMITMENT, MEDICAL MODEL, PROBLEMS IN LIVING
Why is the medical model problematic
You can’t fix mental health like you do with cancer, patients are passive and it puts the doctor in charge
What is the biopsychosocial perspective
Mental illness is rooted in BIOLOGICAL, PSYCHOLOGICAL and SOCIOCULTURAL causes
What is the most common perspective
Biopsychosocial
What is the interactionist perspective
Biopsychosocial perspective
What is the diathesis-stress model
Enviromental stressors can TRIGGER biological bulnerabilities, CAUSING mental illness
What should you know about Psychiatrists (MD)
Prescribe
What should you know about Psychologists
There is a more RESEARCH based (PhD), and PRACTICE based (PsyD)
What should you know about Clinical social workers (MSW)
They work in schools, justices system, out patient
What degrees do counselors have
MA, MS, MSW
What should you know about therapists
URREGULATED term, what are their CREDINTIALS, HIPPA
