Personality Disorder Flashcards
What is personality?
A cluster of relatively predictable patterns of thinking, feeling and behaving that is generally consistent across time, space and context.
What are the 5 robust dimensions of personality?
Openness. Conscientiousness. Extraversion. Approachableness. Neuroticism.
What is a personality disorder?
An enduring pattern of inner experience and behaviour that deviates markedly from the expectations of the individual’s culture.
The pattern of a PD manifests in 2/2+ areas. What are these areas?
- Cognition
- Affectivity
- Interpersonal function
- Impulse control
The enduring pattern is __________ and _________ across a broad range of personal and social situations
Inflexible
Pervasive
The enduring pattern leads to clinically significant ________ or __________ in social, occupational or other important areas of functioning
Distress
Impairment
The pattern is ______ and of ____ duration, and its onset can be traced back at least to ___________ or _____ _________
Stable
Long
Adolescence
Early adulthood
The enduring pattern is not better explained as a manifestation or consequence of another _______ ________
Medical disorder
The enduring pattern is not attributable to the physiological effects of a _________ (ie. drug abuse, medication) or _______ _______ _________ (ie. head trauma).
Substance
Another medical condition
What does anakastic mean?
Of obsessive nature
List the (8) criteria for an anakastic PD.
- Excessive doubt/caution
- Preoccupation with details, rules, lists, order, organization or schedule
- Perfectionism
- Excessive conscientiousness and scrupulousness
- Undue preoccupation with productivity to the exclusion of pleasure and interpersonal relationships
- Excessive pedantry and adherence to social conventions
- Rigidity/stubbornness
- Unreasonable insistence that others submit to exactly his or her way of doing things, or unreasonable reluctance to allow others to do things
What % of the population have a personality disorder?
10%
What % of psychiatric outpatients have a personality disorder?
33%
What % of all psychiatric inpatients have a personality disorder?
50%
What is the difference between antisocial PD and psychopath?
Antisocial PD is largely based on behaviour, while psychopathy describes a set of ‘deficits’ in emotional and cognitive functioning
What are the 2 main factors of psychopathy?
1 – interpersonal/affective
interpersonal or affective
2 – social deviance
lifestyle or antisocial
Generally, there isn’t good quality evidence to guide treatment for most PDs.
What, however, is effective and should be the focus of tx?
Treatment of comorbidity i.e depression, anxiety
What is the main psychological treatment of borderline PD?
Dialectical Behavioural Therapy (DBT)
What is DBT?
A complex package of groups, firm boundaries, and managing interpersonal issues
What does DBT intend to do?
Combine behavioural approaches with ‘Buddhist’ concepts such as ‘acceptance’ and ‘mindfulness.’
What, although not supported by as much evidence, has become increasingly popular in recent years?
Mentalisation
What is metallisation informed by?
Psychodynamic concepts
What is metallisation?
The process by which we interpret our own actions as being meaningful, based on our own internal maternal states
What is impaired ability to mentalise supposed to affect?
Our ability to regulate our emotions and maintain interpersonal relationships.
What is drug tx primarily focussed on?
Co-morbid conditions
There is no drug licenced for borderline PD
What drug tx may be effective for comorbid depression and borderline PD?
MAOI’s
What antipsychotic can be used in PD? What is the side effect of this?
Olanzapine – weight gain
