Alcohol Use Disorders Flashcards
Give examples of high risk occupations for alcohol misuse.
Bartenders.
Itinerant workers.
Professional autonomy ie. doctors
Who do the highest rates of drinking occur in?
Adolescents and those in their 20’s
1 unit =
10 ml
How are number of units calculated?
(% x volume) / 10.
How many units of alcohol are in 750ml of 40% ABV vodka?
(0.4 x 750)/10 = 300/10 = 30 units
What is ‘high risk’ drinking defined as?
Regularly consuming over 35 units per week.
What is ‘increased risk’ drinking defined as?
Regularly consuming between 15 and 35 units per week.
What are the UK guidelines for low risk drinking?
Men and women should not regularly drink more than 14 units of alcohol a week. Ideally, this should be spread evenly over three days or more
According to F10, what can harmful use for alcohol be described as?
A pattern of psychoactive substance use that is causing damage to health. The damage may be physical (as in cases of hepatitis from the self-administration of injected psychoactive substances) or mental (e.g. episodes of depressive disorder secondary to heavy consumption of alcohol).
Outline the diagnostic criteria for alcohol dependence syndrome according to F10.2
- Strong desire or sense of compulsion to take drug
- Difficulty in controlling use of substance in terms of onset, termination or level of use
- Physiological withdrawal state
- Evidence of tolerance
- Progressive neglect of other pleasures /interests because of use /effects of substance
- Persistence with use despite clear evidence of harmful consequences
AUDIT
Alcohol users disorder identification test
CAGE
Cut dow, annoyed, guilt, eye opener
TAGE
Tolerance, annoyed, guilt, eye opener
What is lab testing not useful in?
Screening for alcohol disorders
What may lab testing have a role in?
Monitoring a patients response to treatment
What is GGT an indicator of?
Liver injury
Measuring what can allow identification of men drinking 5 or more units per day for 2 weeks or more?
Carbohydrate deficient transferrin
Alcoholism is the most common cause of raised what?
MCV (mean corpuscular volume)
- causes a macrocytosis
Who are the target audience for brief interventions?
- Adults who have been identified via screening as drinking a hazardous or harmful amount of alcohol.
- Attending NHS, or NHS-commissioned services or services offered by other public institutes.
What is the duration of a brief intervention?
5-15 mins
Outline the FRAMES framework.
Feedback - review problems experienced because of alcohol.
Responsibility – patient is responsible for change.
Advice – advise reduction or abstinence.
Menu – provide options for changing behaviour.
Empathy – use empathic approach.
Self-efficacy –encourage optimism about changing behaviour.
What model is used for brief interventions?
FRAMES
What does alcohol inhibit?
The action of excitatory NMDA-glutamate controlled ion channels (chronic use leads to upregulation of receptors).
What does alcohol potentiate the actions of?
Inhibitory GABA type A controlled ion channels