Personality Assessment Flashcards
Menninger definition of personality
Individual as a while, his height and weight and love and hates and blood pressure and reflexes; it means that anyone is and that he is trying to become
Byrne
Psychology’s garbage bin in that any research in which it doesn’t fit other existing categories can be labeled personality
Any distinguishable, relatively enduring way in which one individual varies from one another
Personality traits
A constellation of traits and states that is similar in pattern to one identified category of personality within a taxonomy of personalities
Personality type
Relatively temporary disposition
Personality states
Ex. State-trait anxiety inventory (distinguish various states from traits)
John Holland
- Self Directed Search test
- Self-administered, scored and interpreted and used to type people accdg. to the system and to offer vocation guidance
Myer Friedman and Ray Rosenman
Type A and Type B personality
A narrative description, graph, table, etc, of the extent to which a person has demonstrated certain targeted characteristics as a result of the administration or application of tools of assessment
Profile
Who is doing the assessing?
- Self
- third party
A process wherein info about assessees is supplied by the assessees themselves
Self-report
- assess self-concept (e.g. Beck Self-Concept test)
- People with low levels of self concept differentiation tend to be healthier psychologically because more coherent sense of self
Achenbach Multiaxial Empirically-based Assessment system
- context-depended evaluation
- assessment of children and adolescents that incorporates cognitive and physical assessments of the subject, self-report, and ratings by parents and teachers
Testtaker response style which one presents oneself in a favorable light
Socially desirable
Testtaker response style which one tends to always agree
Acquiescence
Testtaker response style which one tends to always disagree
Nonacquiescence
Testtaker response style which one has unusual responses
Deviance
Testtaker response style which one answers in opposed to the middle
Extreme
Testtaker response style which one guess or not guess
Gambling/cautiousness
Testtaker response style which one has a self-representation in a superlative manner
overly positive
Attempt to manipulate others impressions through the selective exposure of some info and with suppression of other info
Impression management
How honest the testtaker responded and whether the responses are due to response styles, carelessness, deceit, misunderstanding
Validity scale
California Psychological Inventory
- theory based
- personality variables such as respnsibility, self-acceptance and dominance
The perfect example of a test which is atheoretical
MMPI
*allow test users to impose their own theoretical preferences on the interpretation of findings
An item format that has bipolar adjectives separated by a 7pt. rating scale on which respondents select one point to indicate their response
Semantic differential
Defined as aspects of the focus of exploration such as the time frame as well as other contxtual issues involve people, places and events
Frame of reference
An assessment technique to sort a group of statments in perceived rank order ranging from most descriptive to least descriptive
Q-sort technique
-advocated by Carl rogers (evaluate discrepancy between perceived actual self and ideal self)
