Measuring Intelligence

Question 1

Infancy

Answer 1

-primarily of measuring sensorimotor development
-examiner must be skillful in establishing and maintaining rapport with examinees who do not yet know the meaning of cooperation and patience
-info obtained from a structured interview with the examinees parents, etc.
-Alerting response: infant’s capacity for responsiveness
Orienting response: turning in the direction of stimulus

Question 2

Older Children

Answer 2

• focus on verbal and performance abilities

- general info, vocabulary, social judgment, language, reasoning

Question 3

An index that refers to the chronological age equivalent of one’s performance on a test or subtest

Answer 3

Mental age

Question 4

Adult

Answer 4

-given to obtain clinically relevant info or measure of learning potential and skill acquisition

Question 5

All living organisms are preformed at birth including intelligence and cannot be improved upon

Answer 5

Preformationism (derived from a study of butterfly preformed inside cocoon)

Question 6

One’s abilities are predetermined by genetic inheritance and cannot be enhanced (ex. walking)

Answer 6

Predeterminism

Question 7

Stated that practice had little effect on tasks such as climbing stairs; training doesn’t transcend maturation

Answer 7

Arnold Gesell

Question 8

Lewis Terman

Answer 8

• published an extension of the Binet-simon scale

- father of American version of Binet’s test

Question 9

Stability of intelligence

Answer 9

• Young adult intelligence was the most important determinant of cognitive performance as an older adult
• verbal intelligence skills are more stable than the free recall of newly learned info
• after age 75, cognitive abilities decline

Question 10

Measured intelligence seems to rise on average year by year, starting with the year that the test was normed ( 3 pts. per year)

Answer 10

Flynn effect

Question 11

Perceived ability to avoid violent confrontations and to be safe in one’s neighborhood is proposed as a mechanism connecting aspects of adolescents imposed environments to the choices they make in creating their own selected environments that minimize the potential for violent confrontations

Answer 11

Street efficacy (lie at the crossroads of intelligence and personality)

Question 12

Personality factors associated with gains in measured intelligence overtime

Answer 12

aggressiveness, initiative, high need for achievement, curiosity, self-confidence, emotional stability

Question 13

Gender differences in intelligence

Answer 13

• Men tend to outperform in tests that measure ‘g’ and visual spatialization
• Women outperform on language-skill related tests

Question 14

Extent to which a test incorporates the vocabulary, concepts, traditions, etc. associated with a particular culture

Answer 14

Culture loading

Question 15

A test or assessment process designed to minimize the influence of culture with regard to various aspects of the evaluation procedures

Answer 15

Culture-fair intelligence test

• replaced culture-free test because it is impossible
• tended to be non-verbal
• were found to lack predictive validity (hallmark of traditional tests of intelligence)

Question 16

Developed for members of a particular group or subculture

Answer 16

Culture-specific tests
*more valid measure of mental development
Ex. BITCH (Black Intelligence Test of Cultural Homogeneity)