personality Flashcards
intro
eysenecks personality theory suggests that persoanlity is determined by genetivd but also due to social influences.
freuds personality suggests that our adulthood behaviour in a result of unresolved conflicts during out childhood and abnormal relationships with parents as well as abmiral expression if id ego and superego
A01.1
introversion= shy, reserved, takes matters seriously, not impuslive,to do as they are told when young and care about approval from society when adults
extroversion= outgoing, impuslive, acts to gain immediate reward due to having a strong dopamine reward system, over activity in ARAS (ARAS strongly inhibiting incoming sensations), causing understimulation / arousal in cerebral cortex leaving individuals to stimulate by taking part in thrill seeking acivities such as crime.
A03.1
strength- mcgurk and mc dougal compared 100 delinquesnt and 100 non- delinguent college students a found delinquent has higher PEN scores and non- deliquent had lowerr E and N scores
weakness- self reported, social desirability, subjective
weakness- smith et al found sensation seekers had an excitable CNS not an underactive CNS like eyseneck suggested where criminal behavioir due tp a result of stimulation seeking in extroverts
A01.2
neuroticism- biological predispotion of how we respond psychologically to stressful situations, people with high neuroticism will cry and get angry and unstable, anxious and over sensitive.
have fight/ flight reaction at low levels of adrenaline leading to a small amount of stress causing fight - crime
psychoticism- isolated agressive, lack empathy cold, blunted emotions
linked to thoes who have committed violent crimes - also linked to testosterone and seritonin- testosterone linked to males and agression
A03.2
strength: passignham compared criminals to non criminals on an EPQ test and found that criminals score higher in P E N, than control - supporting
Weakness: although control was not matched with criminal grouo on variables such as socio economic group, class, culture, antisocial behaviour - correlational could be due to other factors such as sociioeconomic grouo not personality causing crime
Freud A01.3
ID- acts to gain immediate reward and satisfaction, doesn’t think logically
Ego- reality principle try’s to balenece impulses from ego and super ego, detect a fight from wrong, ensure ID doesnt act impulsively
Superego- morality principle, reward ego with pride and punishes ego with guilt
Weak superego- lack same sex parent in childhood,therefore lack morals morals arent internslised, doesnt feel guilt from superego, acts to gain immediate reward of ID, girls more likely to have as they don’t dedperience castration anxiety, don’t free need to listen to superego.
A01.4
Maternal bond- lack of mother during phallic stage leading to affection less psychopathy lack of guilt and empathy leading to crime
Strong superego - either strict parents during childhood superego acts to gain punishment to satisfy it, or build up of defence mechanisms over time, explode leading to aggression overwhelm ego.
A03.3
Weakness- Freud suggests females likely have a weak superego due to lack of guilt and castration anxiety although there is more males in prison then females 95%
Strength- glueck and glueck found they from 500 pts and 500 control young offenders with. 1.5 more likely come it a crime if had a distant relationships with mother
A03.4
Bowbly, found that out of 144 juvenile theifs 14 showed signs of affection less psychopathy and if this 1412 had an a sense of their mother in their first 2 year a of life
Weaknesses- can be falsified their use can’t be tested not scientific subjective not valid.
