Personality 1-7

Question 1

Extraversion

Answer 1

outgoing, assertive, enthusiastic, sociable

Question 2

agreeableness

Answer 2

kind, compassionate, polite, empathetic

Question 3

conscientiousness

Answer 3

hard-working, neat, responsible, organized

Question 4

neuroticism

Answer 4

anxious, depressed, irritable, vulnerable

Question 5

openness/intellect

Answer 5

intellectual, artistic, imaginative, curious

Question 6

characteristic adaptations

Answer 6

Compared to traits, more situation-specific and changeable aspects of personality; ways in which people adapt to their roles and environments, including motives, goals, plans, schemas, self-conceptions, stage-specific concerns, and coping mechanisms.

Question 7

sense organs

Answer 7

Most sense organs send information to the thalamus (which acts as a switchbox for information traveling), except for the nose, which goes straight from the olfactory bulb to the olfactory cortex.

Question 8

Hypothalamus Outputs

Answer 8

Somatomotor: voluntary/skeletal
Autonomic NS: sympathetic and parasympathetic
neuroendocrine: pituitary gland and hormones

Question 9

discrimination

Answer 9

in classical conditioning, the learned ability to distinguish between a conditioned stimulus and stimuli that do not signal an unconditioned stimulus

Question 10

operant conditioning

Answer 10

a type of learning in which behavior is strengthened if followed by a reinforcer or diminished if followed by a punisher

Question 11

behaviorist perspective

Answer 11

The psychological perspective is primarily concerned with observable behavior that can be objectively recorded and with the relationships of observable behavior to environmental stimuli

Question 12

Consummatory rewards

Answer 12

food, sex, warmth, goal attainment

satiety, satisfaction (food in stoach, orgasm, MDMA, opiates)

Question 13

incentive rewards

Answer 13

promise of rewards

some stimulants, (cocaine, amphetamine, alcohol (when blood level is rising))

Question 13

punishments

Answer 13

pain, deprivation, goal thwarting

analgesics (aspirin, opiates, morphine, heroin, codeine, oxycodone)

Question 14

threats

Answer 14

promises of punishment

anxiolytics (benzodiazepines like valium, barbituates like seconal, alcohol)

Question 15

triangulation

Answer 15

use of multiple data sources improves measurement

Question 16

thematic apperception test (TAT)

Answer 16

one picture = multiple stories, a projective test

Question 17

stanford prison experiment

Answer 17

Philip Zimbardo’s study of the effect of roles on behavior. Participants were randomly assigned to play either prisoners or guards in a mock prison. The study was ended early because of the “guards’” role-induced cruelty.

Question 18

Interactionism

Answer 18

the idea that situations and personality interact to determine behavior