Personality 1-3 Flashcards
Research
Exploration of the unknown, finding out something nobody knew before discovering it.
Funder’s Second Law
There are no perfect indicators of personality; there are only clues, and clues are always ambiguous.
Funder’s Third Law
Something beats nothing two times out of three.
self-verification
The process by which people try to bring others to treat them in a manner that confirms their self-conceptions
expectancy effect
The tendency for someone to become the kind of person others expect them to be, also known as a self-fulfilling prophecy and behavior confirmation
Factor analysis
a statistical technique for finding clusters of related traits, tests, or items
projective tests
A personality test that asks the client to interpret a meaningless or ambiguous stimulus.
projective hypothesis
The idea that if a person is asked to interpret an ambiguous stimulus, the answer will indicate the person’s needs, feelings, thought processes, or other hidden aspects of the mind
rational method
A method of personality test construction in which items are written based on their apparent or “face” relationship to the trait being measured.
factor analytic method
A method of personality test construction in which items are grouped based on factor analysis.
empirical method
A method of personality test construction based on comparing answers given by members of different criterion groups.
face validity
The degree to which an assessment instrument, such as a questionnaire, on its face appears to measure what it is intended to measure.
psychometrics
the technology of psychological measurement
reliability
In measurement, the tendency of an instrument to provide the same comparative information on repeated occasions.
measurement error
The variation of a number around its true mean is due to uncontrolled, essentially random influences; this is also called error variance.
