Exam 2-3 Flashcards
cross-cultural psychology
psychological research and theorizing that attempts to account for the psychological differences between and within different cultural groups
culture
refers to the psychological attributes of groups
enculturation
the process of socialization through which an individual acquires their native culture, mainly early in life
acculturation
the process of social influence by which a person partially or fully acquires a new cultural outlook, either by having contact with or living in a culture different from the person’s culture of origin
WEIRD
Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich, and Democratic
etics
the universal components of an idea; in cross-cultural psychology, aspects of a phenomenon that all cultures have in common
emics
the locally relevant components of an idea; in cross-cultural psychology, aspects of a phenomenon that are specific to a particular culture.
Tightness and Looseness
contrasts cultures that tolerate very little deviation from proper behavior (tight cultures) with those that allow fairly large deviations from cultural norms (loose cultures).
individualism-collectivism
A dimension used to compare cultures;
Individualism
Individualist cultures emphasize the individual’s well-being over that of the community
collectivism
Collectivist cultures emphasize the well-being of the community over that of the individual.
self-regard
liking yourself in spite of your flaws
self determination
The individualist view of the self assumes that the causes of behavior lie within the person. As a result, an individual is expected to behave consistently from one situation to the next.
ideocentrism
the individual is more important than the group
allocentrism
the group is more important than the individual
ethocentrism
the belief that one’s own group or culture is superior to all other groups or cultures
Item response theory (IRT)
IRT analyses go deep into personality inventories by looking not just at mean scores, but also at patterns in how participants respond to specific items.
outgroup homogeneity bias
The sociopsychological phenomenon in which members of an outside group appear more similar to each other than members of one’s own group.
