personal freedoms Flashcards
Alexander II [1855-81]
Personal Freedoms
Serfs had the right to marry, Own alloted land given to them by the governent which used to be owned by landowners, Kulaks even purchased more land
Some Serfs with internal passports were able to leave the mir for citys and the foundations of industrialisation of russia.
With Education reforms more schools ment more had the chance of education
and with Judiciral reforms even peasnts could go to court with the especialy created Volost courts
Alexander III [1881-93]
Personal Freedoms
aslong as you devoted yourself to tsardom and do not go against them or the class systems
then people generaly had relitavly ok personal freedoms to Read or go to school ect.
tho some censorship with life bans on some publishers and newspapers for going against the tsars oppinions
Education was restricted with women being banned from uni, uni courst being abolished
but lower classes can only do primary ed not sec and the schools were ran by the church to empose The Tsar’s ideals
also land captins run volost courts in countrysides and judges ran them in towns
and ministry can have closed court sessions since 1887
and can appoint town judges in 1889
also 1887 property and ed qual for jurors was increased
Nicholas II [1893-1917]
Personal Freedoms
Radios were censored in ww1 to stop foregin ideas spredding no right to info tho
1917 = 1000 cinemas right of lesiure
1894= 90000 books were published the same as USA and UK combined so right of litterature
1914 = 51% aged 8-11 in primary school so right to ed
1897 = 21% litteracy rates not good ed tho
Stolypyn allows Peasnts to leave the mir and go to citys w/o passport 1906
= right of movment
oct 1906
peasnts gain equal rights in their local administration
communes that hadnt redistributed land since 1861 were abolished in 1910
january 1907 redemption payments were abolished officialy
Prov Gov [Feb-Oct 1917]
Personal Freedoms
They kept the secret deal with the allies to stay in the war so they could obtain access to the Black Sea
away from the public
until it was leaked ( likely without any note of the benefits)
This caused anger towards the provision government as the public did not want to continue the war
However there was freedom of the Press
Lenin [1917-24]
Personal Freedoms
Underlining the government surveyed all literature, films, art and the music etc before being published
so there was no counter-revolutionary material
Stalin [1929-53]
Personal Freedoms
Anyone who spoke out against Stalin was purged
Stalin’s cult of personality was based around him and showed him as a peasant to show him as a man of the people
The Stakhanovite movment 1935
Was based on the person who was deemed a model worker
as he produced excess coal during the shift (102 tonnes in 6hours which qas 14x the quota at the time)
so people were encouraged to be more like him
From the 1920s art, books and films were limited to the new Soviet man which is the ideal Soviet family / worker
socialist realism from 1932 which showed the life of workers and the struggle against capitalism and oppression
Jazz was banned as it was deemed western
Khrushchev [1953-64]
Personal Freedoms
• in 1955 145 films were made
and there were also 59,000 cinemas
and 8,000 million books which was 10x that in 1913
and there’s also decreasing censorship
