Infastructure and Transport Flashcards
Alexander II [1855-1881]
Transport and infrastructure
under reuten 1868-78
The railway expands to 13,979 miles of railway by 1878 transporting 3 million tons of goods
The government supports the development of the cotton industry and mining industry by making factories and things
This is the mainly capitalize of the cotton market left after the Americans of civil war 1861-65
And the fact that it just benefits benits Coal field
Alexander III [1881-1893]
Transport and infrastructure
bunge 1881-6
Increase the railway to 14700 miles of railway transporting 24 million tons of goods
VC increased this between 1887 and 1892 as by 1891 there was 17,264 miles of railway
And thanks to Bunge the state ownership of the railways increase meaning that eventually 69% of railway was publicly controlled by 1911
Nicholas II [1893-1917]
Transports and infrastructure
witte increase the length of the railways to 31,125 Miles by 1901
and began to construct the Trans-Siberian Railway which is 3750 miles between 1891 and 1904
Furthermore the industrialization was taken into the hands of the state and no longer privately owned
Provisional Government [1917]
Transport infrastructure
Wasn’t much done to increase the use of railways however the railways did fail in World War 1 they failed to meet the impacts of transporting goods and equipment
Furthermore they lacked artillery for war as they didn’t produce it or have that many factories but did produce it which was a failure of infrastructure on their part
Lenin [1917-1924]
Transports and infrastructure
Tram rides were free as it was impossible for them to be paid for under state capitalism in kind payments after currency was abandoned in 1921 as it lost value
Trains were used effectively to transport the Red Army and their goods around during the civil war but didn’t expand it that much
Buy 1924 a railways carried 58 million tons of goods
State capitalism nationalised Industries since 1917 and by 1921 almost all Industries had been nationalised
however also by 1921 after the nep was introduced small Industries became not nationalized
Stalin [1929-1953]
Transport and infrastructure
During the first five year plan between 1928-32
– there was a railway scheme to transport workers from towns to industrial complexes
Stalin has railways across northern Siberia to reach the east of the USSR this was 434 miles long however the project was abandoned in 1953 after Stalin died
It cost 42 billion rubles to construct this that was 2.5% of the ussr’s capital investments
In 1937 the USSR was self-efficient in manufacturing metal and machine tools
Stalin built the Dinieprosrroni Dam (or Dnieper) from 1927-32 it was the largest hydroelectric dam in Europe he also built it again after it was destroyed in World War 2 between 1944-50 showing the pace of industrialization by Stalin
During construction in 1932 250000 workers were present
Stalin also built huge industrial complexes to house workers and to get large amounts of industry going in western Siberia away from the cities and towns to maximize production
One such facility is known as magnitogorsk
Khrushchev [1956(3)-1964]
Transport and infrastructure
By 1960 11% of the Railway was electric and 21.8 tons of freight was transported on electric rails alone
Buy 1956 74,600 Miles of railway had been reduced which carried 1371 million tons of goods
Military advancements in missile technology programme was used to develop space technology including rockets to put satellites in space like Sputnik
