Personal A, Para/Por, Preterite & Imperfect Flashcards by Ruth Watson

Q

What is the preterite tense used for?

A

A single, completed action in past or action which took place over defined period of time or single action interrupting ongoing action. Finished. ‘-ed’

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Q

What are the -ar endings in the preterite tense?

A

-é, -aste, -ó, -amos, -asteis, -aron.

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Q

What are the -er endings in the preterite tense?

A

-í, -iste, -ió, -imos, -isteis, -ieron.

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Q

What are the -ir endings in the preterite tense?

A

-í, -iste, -ió, -imos, -isteis, -ieron.

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Q

Which parts of verbs in the preterite might need an accent?

A

Stress falls on ending + first + third persons need accent.

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Q

What are the 2 types of radical changing verbs in the preterite?
How do they work?

A

e - i + o - u. Only -ir verbs change + only in parts 3 + 6.

e.g. dormir (durmió)

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Q

Which verbs change from i - y?

A

3rd person: Creer, caer, leer, oír + verbs ending inn -uir. For example, creyendo, cayendo.

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Q

What happens to verbs with stems ending in ñ or ll in the preterite?

A

-er/-ir verbs whose stem ends with these drop the -i from the ending. e.g. gruñir (gruñó), bullir, reñir.

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Q

What happens to verbs which have a stem ending in -c in the preterite?

A

In ‘yo’ form, -c changes to -qu. e.g. buscar (busqué), acercarse, atacar.

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Q

What happens to verbs which have a stem ending in -g in the preterite?

A

In ‘yo’ form, -g changes to -gu. e.g. pagar (pagué), cargar.

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Q

What happens to verbs which have a stem ending in -z in the preterite?

A

In ‘yo’ form, -z changes to -c. e.g. cruzar (crucé)

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Q

Conjugate the following verb in the preterite:

Tener

A

Tuve, tuviste, tuvo, tuvimos, tuvisteis, tuvieron.

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Q

Conjugate the following verb in the preterite:

Estar

A

Estuve, estuviste, estuvo, estuvimos, estuvisteis, estuvieron.

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Q

Conjugate the following verb in the preterite:

Andar

A

Anduve, anduviste, anduvo, anduvimos, anduvisteis, anduvieron.

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Q

Conjugate the following verb in the preterite:

Dar

A

Di, diste, dio, dimos, disteis, dieron.

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Q

Conjugate the following verb in the preterite:

Ver

A

Vi, viste, vio, vimos, visteis, vieron.

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Q

Conjugate the following verb in the preterite:

Poder

A

Pude, pudiste, pudo, pudimos, pudisteis, pudieron.

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Q

Conjugate the following verb in the preterite:

Poner

A

Puse, pusiste, puso, pusimos, pusisteis, pusieron.

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Q

Conjugate the following verb in the preterite:

Querer

A

Quise, quisiste, quiso, quisimos, quisisteis, quisieron.

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Q

Conjugate the following verb in the preterite:

Saber

A

Supe, supiste, supo, supimos, supisteis, supieron.

Q

Conjugate the following verb in the preterite:

Venir

A

Vine, viniste, vino, vinimos, vinisteis, vinieron.

Q

Conjugate the following verb in the preterite:

Hacer

A

Hice, hiciste, hizo, hicimos, hicisteis, hicieron.

Q

Conjugate the following verb in the preterite:

Haber

A

Hube, hubiste, hubo, hubimos, hubisteis, hubieron.

Q

Conjugate the following verb in the preterite:

Traer

A

Traje, trajiste, trajo, trajimos, trajisteis, trajeron.

Conjugate the following verb in the preterite: | Conducir

Conduje, condujiste, condujo, condujimos, condujisteis, condujeron.

Conjugate the following verb in the preterite: | Decir

Dije, dijiste, dijo, dijimos, dijisteis, dijeron.

Conjugate the following verb in the preterite: | Ser

Fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fuisteis, fueron.

Conjugate the following verb in the preterite: | Ir

Fui, fuiste, fue, fuimos, fuisteis, fueron.

What is the imperfect tense used for?

To say what used to happen in the past, what was happening at a particular time in the past, what we habitually did in the past + to give a description in the past for which no time is defined + descriptions or ongoing actions. Not finished. Was/used to/

What are the -ar endings in the imperfect tense?

-aba, -abas, -aba, -ábamos, -abais, -aban.

What are the -er endings in the imperfect tense?

-ía, -ías, -ía, -íamos, -íais, -ían.

What are the -ir endings in the imperfect tense?

-ía, -ías, -ía, -íamos, -íais, -ían.

What are the 3 irregular verbs in the imperfect tense?

Ir, ser, ver.

Conjugate the following verb in the imperfect: | Ir

-iba, -ibas, -iba, -íbamos, -ibais, -iban.

Conjugate the following verb in the imperfect: | Ser

-era, -eras, -era, -éramos, -erais, -eran.

Conjugate the following verb in the imperfect: | Ver

-veía, -veías, -veía, -veíamos, -veías, -veían.

Give examples of radical changing verbs in the preterite. (o-u)

Dormir, morir.

Give examples of radical changing verbs in the preterite. (i-e)

Pedir, sentir, seguir, preferir, sugerir.

Conjugate the verb in the preterite: | Caber

Cupe, cupiste, cupo, cupimos, cupisteis, cupieron.

Conjugate the verb in the preterite: | Suponer

Supuse, supusiste, supuso, supusimos, supusisteis, supusieron.

What happens to verbs which have a stem ending in -guar in the preterite?

In 'yo' form, -guar changes to -gü. e.g. averiguar (averigüé)

Where is the prepositional 'a' placed?

Before a definite direct object pronoun when it is human in nature or a pet. It must be strictly defined. Also collective nouns referring to people groups.

What pronouns are preceded by 'a' when they are the direct object?

Alguien, alguno, uno, ambos, cualquiera, nadie, otro, ninguno, quien, quién, todo.

When is the personal 'a' used before el que/cual or la que/cual?

In a relative clause.

In terms of querer: Querer means? Querer a means?

To want, to love.

What is para used for?

Destination/objective/purpose/intention, for, in view of/considering, in order to, with estar to convey 'to be about to', time expressions. (by/for a certain time, around/towards), para que (what for) answering para + infinitive/subject, achieving goal/meeting deadline.

What is por used for?

Through, along, causes, reasons, duration (time), out of/due to, by, because of, por + infinitive (through/because of...ing), by + passive verb, by means of, in exchange/on behalf/in support/for the sake of, in exchange for, units of measure (per), to get, commonly used in place/time context. For (thanks for present)

When is the personal 'a' not used?

After tener unless holding someone/have someone with you. Not after con.