Compound Tenses Flashcards
Perfect Tense, Pluperfect, Future Perfect, Conditional Perfect. Impersonal 'se' & passive.
How do you form the perfect tense?
Present Haber + Past Participle.
What is the present tense conjugation of haber?
He, has, ha, hemos, habéis, han.
What are the past participle endings?
-ado and -ido.
Irregular past participles:
Abrir, cubrir, descubrir, decir, volver, devolver, disolver, resolver, ir
Abierto, cubierto, descubierto, dicho, vuelto, devuelto, disuelto, resuelto, ido.
Irregular past participles:
Escribir, describir, freír, hacer, satisfacer, morir, poner, romper, ver.
Escrito, descrito, frito, hecho, satisfecho, muerto, puesto, roto, visto.
Can haber + past participle be separated?
No.
What is the use of the perfect tense?
To express something which has happened in the recent past, describe events which are still relevant to something which is happening now. Has/have. Finished. Have…ed.
How do you form the pluperfect tense?
Imperfect Haber + past participle
What is the imperfect conjugation of haber?
Había, habías, había, habíamos, habíais, habían.
When is the pluperfect tense used?
Tells us what has happened before other events expressed in perfect/preterite. Had done. Finished when something else happened. Step back in time.
How do you form the future perfect tense?
Future Haber + past participle.
What does the future perfect represent?
Will have done. Something that will have happened.
What is the future conjugation of haber?
Habré, habrás, habrá, habremos, habréis, habrán.
How do you form the conditional perfect tense?
Conditional Haber + Past Participle.
What does the conditional perfect represent?
Would have done. Something that would have happened.
What is the conditional conjugation of haber?
Habría, habrías, habría, habríamos, habríais, habrían.
What is the impersonal ‘se’ used for?
Describe an action done by ‘people in general’ or ‘you’.
How is the impersonal ‘se’ formed?
Se + 3rd person singular.
What is the passive used for?
Describes what has happened to something or somebody.
How is the passive formed?
Appropriate tense of ser/estar + past participle. (ado/ido)
What is the agent of the passive introduced by?
Por
When using passive:
When do you use ser?
When do you use estar?
Ser = Action. Estar = State resulting from action.
How do we avoid using the passive?
Se + part 3/6 of verb. OR Making sentence active e.g. fue robado -> se le robo. OR Impersonal 'se'
What are impersonal statements usually followed by?
What about passive?
Infinitive.
Object.
Why might you use the impersonal ‘se’ to avoid the passive?
Get over phrases where subject would’ve been indirect object if verb had been active. Verb stays singular if English subject is plural. Also used like ‘one’, if verb reflexive, uno must be used.
