Peritonitis Flashcards
What is peritonitis?
inflammation of the peritoneal lining
What is the possible pathophysiology behind peritonitis?
- inflammation
- vasodilation
- hypovolemia
- SIRS/DIC/MODS
Which factors can worsen the severity of peritonitis?
- high level of bacteria
- virulence of organisms
- presence of adjuvants
- inadequacy of immune response
What is the cause and prevalence of primary septic peritonitis?
- hematogenous or lymphatic spread of bacteria
- very rare
What is the most common cause of primary aseptic peritonitis?
feline infectious peritonitis
What are the possible causes of secondary aseptic peritonitis?
- chemical peritonitis
- peritoneal foreign body
- mechanical peritonitis
What is the most common form of peritonitis?
secondary septic peritonitis
What is the possible pathophysiology of secondary septic peritonitis?
- infection from the GIT
- E. coli, Bacteriodes
- abscess of liver, pancreas, omentum, etc.
- abdominal trauma
What are the clinical signs associated with secondary aseptic peritonitis?
- early signs: vomiting, lethargy, abdominal pain
- more severe with worsening condition
Which tests should be done diagnose peritonitis?
- MDB
- blood gas
- coagulation profile
- radiograph/ultrasound
- abdominocentesis
What diagnostic results are suggestive of septic peritonitis?
- pneumoperitoneum
- abdominal effusion (BG and lactate)
How is peritonitis treated?
- stabilize the patient first
- exploratory celiotomy
- fluid therapy
- antibiotics
- analgesia
What are the goals when performing surgery to correct peritonitis?
- repair/remove bacterial source
- debride necrotic tissues
- remove foreign material and nflammatory mediators (lavage)
When is a primary closure of peritonitis surgery indicated?
- if underlying cause is corrected
- contamination can be removed
What are the indications for open peritoneal drainage?
- severe generalized peritonitis
- ongoing contamination
- extensive fibrinous adhesions
