Mammary Neoplasia Flashcards
What are the risk factors for mammary neoplasia?
- time of OHE (increases after each estrus)
- obesity
- administration of progestins
- presence of benign tumors (undergo malignant transformation)
What percentage of canine mammary tumors are benign?
50%
What is the most common malignant mammary tumor of the dog?
carcinoma
How are mammary tumors diagnosed?
- thoracic radiographs
- abdominal ultrasound
- excisional biopsy
- cytology
- FNA in cats
What is the criteria of malignancy?
- rapid growth
- size > 1 cm
- fixed to skin or fascia
- poorly circumscribed
- ulcerated or inflammed
What is a lumpectomy?
removal of the tumor only
What is a simple/local mastectomy?
removal of tumor and its gland of origin
What is a regional mastectomy?
removal of 2 or more glands with associated lymphatic structures
What is a full chain mastectomy?
removal of entire chain and associated lymphatic structures
What are the effects of an OHE at the time of diagnosis?
- will not prevent development of additional malignant tumors
- will eliminate hormonal influence
- will prevent uterine disease
When is a lumpectomy indicated?
- small tumors
- freely moveable
- known to be benign
- mass between glands or near edge
When is a simple masectomy indicated?
- mass in central gland
- larger fixed solitary tumors 1-2 cm
When is a chain masectomy indicated?
- multiple masses throughout chain
What percentage of feline mammary tumors are malignant?
80%
What is canine mammary hyperplasia?
rapid development of small multiple masses after heat cycle
- affects most glands
