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Anatomy > Peritoneum & Upper Abdomen > Flashcards

Peritoneum & Upper Abdomen Flashcards

1
Q

This is a thin, translucent, serous membrane

A

peritoneum

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2
Q

What type of peritoneum lines the inner abdominal wall?

A

parietal peritoneum

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3
Q

What type of peritoneum covers organs?

A

viscera periotoneum

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4
Q

Organs behind the peritoneum are considered _______

A

retroperitoneal

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5
Q

Vessels tend to travel between the ______ layers

A

peritoneal

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6
Q

Contains all visceral & parietal peritoneal membranes

A

Peritoneal sac

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7
Q

A potential space within the sac that contains a small amount of serous fluid to allow organs to move freely without friction

A

peritoneal cavity

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8
Q

When the peritoneal cavity becomes an actual space it may contain fluids (______ that are a result of disease, injury or infection

A

ascites- blood, bile, pus, feces

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9
Q

_____ membranes enclose and fold around the viscera (double layers)

A

peritoneal

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10
Q

____ _____ attaches to greater curvature of the stomach and transverse colon.

A

greater omentum

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11
Q

The greater omentum drapes over the _____ _____ like an “apron”

A

small intestine

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12
Q

The “apron” or ____ ____ formed by the greater omentum is 4 layers (2 double layers) that is usually mobile

A

gastrocolic ligament

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13
Q

The greater omentum can wall off infections & inflammation sites which result in the formation of _____ that restrict mobility

A

adhesions

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14
Q

The _____ ______ attaches to the lesser curvature of the stomach and duodenum

A

lesser omentum

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15
Q

The lesser omentum consists of what 2 ligaments that connect the lesser omentum from it’s attachment sites to the liver?

A
  • hepatogastic ligament

- hepatoduodenal ligament

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16
Q

The _____ ligament attaches the lesser omentum from the liver to the stomach

A

hepatogastric ligament

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17
Q

The _____ ligament attaches the lesser omentum from the liver to the duodenum

A

hepatoduodenal ligament

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18
Q

Which ligament contains the portal triad?

A

hepatoduodenal ligament

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19
Q

The portal triad consists of what three things?

A
  • hepatic a.
  • portal v.
  • bile duct
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20
Q

This double layered periotoneum anchors most of the small intestine to the posterior abdominal wall?

A

mesentery proper

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21
Q

The mesentery proper runs diagonally from duodenojejunal jxn to ______ jnx. (5-20 cm in adults)

A

ileocecal

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22
Q

What ligament anchors the duodenum and separates the small intestine and stomach. Also allows for peristalsis and emptying of small intestine

A

Suspensory ligament of Treitz (Duodenal ligament)

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23
Q

What are the 2 functions of the suspensory ligament of Treitz (duodenal ligament)?

A
  1. Flexure @ duodenojejunal jxn ( prevents sagging)

2. Anchors distal duodenum to separate from stomach motions

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24
Q

The suspensory ligament is a ______ ligament that descends from the R. crus of diaphragm and crosses over L. crus

A

fibromuscular

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25
Q

This double layered periotoneum anchors portions of the colon to the posteior abdominal wall

A

Mesocolon

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26
Q

Ascending and descending ____ have no mesentery

A

colon

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27
Q

How are the ascending and descending colon attached to the posterior wall?

A

directly

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28
Q

The posterior anchor of the transverse colon is the ___ ___

A

transverse mesocolon

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29
Q

The posterior anchor of the sugmoid colon is the ___ ___

A

sigmoid mesocolon

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30
Q

The ____ is only partially covered in peritoneum

A

rectum

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31
Q

This ligament divides the liver into R & L hepatic lobes

A

falciform

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32
Q

The falciform ligament anchors liver to _____ & anterior body wall

A

diaphram

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33
Q

The inferior extent of the falciform ligament is known as the ______ ligament

A

round

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34
Q

The inferior border of the round ligament contains the obliterated ______ vein

A

umbilical

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35
Q

The _____ ligament is reflections of peritoneum around the bare area of the liver

A

coronary

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36
Q

The coronary ligament attaches the liver to the ___ ____ of the diaphram

A

inferior surface

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37
Q

This is the upper posterior part of the liver that is not covered by peritoneum?

A

bare area

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38
Q

What are the three types of single layered peritoneal folds found in the abdominal cavity?

A
  1. Median umbilical fold (1)
  2. Medial umbilical folds (2)
  3. Lateral umbilical folds (2)
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39
Q

This single layered peritoneal goes from the urinary bladder to the umbilicus and fold covers the fetal urachus?

A

median umbilical fold (1)

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40
Q

This single layered peritoneal fold covers the fetal umbilical aa and medial umbilical ligaments

A

medial umbilical fold (2)

41
Q

This single layered peritoneal fold covers the inferior epigastric vessels?

A

Lateral umbilical folds (2)

42
Q

These are potential peritoneal spaces in standing patients and may become actual spaces in recumbent patients

A

Peritoneal pouches

43
Q

What are the two types of peritoneal pouches that can from in recumbent patients?

A
  1. Hepatorenal pouch

2. Rectovesical or rectouterine pouch

44
Q

_____ _____ can accumulate in these recesses (pouches)

A

pathological fluids

45
Q

The _____ pouch is more superior and can spill its contents into the _____ pouch and can spill its contents into the

A
  1. retrovesical (rectouterine)

2. hepatorenal

46
Q

This pouch is bounded by the liver, R kidney, colon, & duodenum?

A

Hepatorenal pouch (pouch of morrison)

47
Q

The hepatorenal pouch is the _____ part of peritoneual cavity when recumbent

A

lowest

48
Q

Fluids may move from the hepatorenal pouch to the retrovesical/rectouterine pouch when in ____ position or _____

A

reclining, sitting up

49
Q

In males the _____ pouch is between the rectum and bladder. It is a low point in peritoneal cavity that may accumulate fluid when recumbent.

A

rectovesical

50
Q

Fluids may move from this pouch to the hepatorenal pouch when in _____ position

A

trendelenburg (body flat with feet higher than head)

51
Q

In females the ____ pouch is between the rectum and uterus. It is a low point in peritoneal cavity that may accumulate fluid when recumbent.

A

rectouterine pouch

52
Q

In females the _____ pouch is close to the anterior fornix of the vagina. It is formed from the peritoneum over the rectum and bladder, covering the intestinal surface and fundus of the uterus onto its vesical surface.

A

vesicouterine pouch

53
Q

This upper abdominal organ detoxifies chemical products and produces bile

A

liver

54
Q

This upper abdominal organ stores bile for emulsification of fats

A

gallbladder

55
Q

This upper abdominal organ produces enzymes for digestion + endocrine production of insulin (blood glucose balance in blood)

A

pancreas

56
Q

This upper abdominal organ produces lymphocytes and filters blood

A

spleen

57
Q

This ____ sits inferior to the diaphragm and contains impressions where organs sit

A

liver

58
Q

This organ is attached to the inferior surface of the liver and contacts the duodenum, colon, and anterior abdominal wall

A

Gallbladder

59
Q

The gallbladder receives bile produces by the liver via ___ ducts

A

bile

60
Q

The bile stored in the gallbladder drains into the ____ thru cystic ducts

A

duodenum

61
Q

What ducts receive bile from the R & L lobes of the liver?

A

R & L hepatic ducts

62
Q

This duct is formed by the R & L hepatic ducts coming together?

A

common hepatic duct

63
Q

This type of duct is connected to the gall bladder?

A

cystic duct

64
Q

The _____ _____ duct receives cystic and common hepatic ducts

A

Common bile duct

65
Q

The common bile duct joins the main ______ duct and empty into major _______ papilla (descending part of duodenum)

A
  • pancreatic

- duodenal

66
Q

The pancreas consists of a _____, neck, body, tail and ________

A
  • head

- uncinate process

67
Q

What organ is surrounded by the C-shaped duodenum on R & spleen on L?

A

pancreas

68
Q

The _____ is a continuations of the pancreas inferiorly from the head

A

uncinate process

69
Q

Enzymes drain from the pancreas via 1 or 2 ducts known as the ___ and ____ pancreatic ducts

A
  • Main pancreatic duct

- Accessory pancreatic duct

70
Q

This pancreas duct enters the duodenum with bile duct at major duodenal papilla

A

main pancreatic duct

71
Q

This pancreas duct may enter the duodenum as well but enters 2 cm superior to major papilla at the minor duodenal papilla

A

Accessory pancreatic duct

72
Q

The pattern of pencreatic drainage is ____

A

variable

73
Q

The ____ is a concave point of entry on the visceral surface of the spleen from the medial posterior wall

A

hilum

74
Q

The ____ surface of the spleen contacs the diaphragm along ribs __ - ___

A

9-11

75
Q

What are the 3 main trunks of the abdominal aorta that provide arterial supply to the abdominal region?

A
  • Celiac Trunk
  • Superior mesenteric artery (SMA)
  • Inferior mesenteric artery (IMA)
76
Q

This is the 1st major branch of the abdominal aorta.

A

celiac trunk

77
Q

The celiac trunk supplies the ___ , ____, ____, ____, ____ and spleen

A
  • liver
  • gallbladder
  • esophagus
  • stomach
  • pancreas
78
Q

The celiac trunk gives off what 3 main branches?

A
  • Common hepatic
  • L. gastric
  • Splenic aa.
79
Q

This is a right branch of ceiliac trunk that runs toward liver and gallbladder?

A

Common hepatic

80
Q

What are the 2 terminal branches of the common hepatic artery?

A
  • Proper hepatic a.

- Gastroduodenal a.

81
Q

This is the superior branch of the common hepatic a. that runs toward the liver and medial to the bile duct

A

proper hepatic a

82
Q

The proper hepatic a splits into R & L ______ aa

A

hepatic

83
Q

This is the inferior branch of the common hepatic a. that runs towards the junction of the stomach and duodenum sending supr. pancreaticoduodenal aa. to pancreas/duodenum

A

gastroduodenal a

84
Q

The gastroduodenal a sends R gastoepiploic a to the _____ curvature of the stomach

A

greater

85
Q

This a is the superior branch of the celiac trunk that runs L toward lesser curvature of the stomach

A

L Gastric A.

86
Q

The L Gastric A supplies ______ and esophagus (via esophageal brs.)

A

stomach

87
Q

This a is the left branch of the celiac trunk that runs toward the spleen

A

Splenic a.

88
Q

The splenic a. supplies the ______ and spleen

A

pancreas

89
Q

The splenic a sends short gastric aa & L gastropiploic a that supply the ____ curvature of stomach

A

greater

90
Q

T/F There is little variation of hepatic aa?

A

False, lots of variations

91
Q

What are two noteworthy hepatic aa. variations?

A
  • cystic a.

- R Gastric a.

92
Q

The ____ a. susually arises from R hepatic a.

A

cystic

93
Q

75% of cystic a run _____ to common hepatic duct and 24% of cystic a run _____ to common hepatic duct

A
  • posterior

- anterior

94
Q

1% of cystic a are ____ cystic a

A

double

95
Q

What does the cystic a. supply?

A

gallbladder & cystic duct

96
Q

The R Gastric A usually arises from proper hepatic a. and supplies _____ curvature of stomach

A

lesser

97
Q

Variations of R Gastric A result when it arises from ____ or _____

A
  • common hepatic

- gastroduodenal aa

98
Q

What does the R gastric anastamose with?

A

L Gastric A

Anatomy (12 decks)

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