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Anatomy > Pelvic Neurovasculature > Flashcards

Pelvic Neurovasculature Flashcards

1
Q

The abdominal aorta splits into the ______ _____ aa. at L4?

A
  • common iliac
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2
Q

The common iliac aa splits into the ________ & _______ ______ ____

A
  • external

- internal iliac aa.

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3
Q

The external iliac aa exits the pelvis as the ________ aa

A

femoral

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4
Q

The ______ ______ aa enters the true pelvis & branches into 3 posterior & 7 anterior branches

A

internal iliac

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5
Q

What does the internal iliac artery supply?

A
  • pelvic organs

- gluteal region

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6
Q

This posterior branch of internal iliac, runs btw the iliac crest & L5 to suppy the medial ilium and L5

A

iliolumbar a.

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7
Q

What are the branches of the iliolumbar a?

A

iliac
lumbar
spinal

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8
Q

This posterior branch of internal iliac, enters the ventral sacral foramina and supplies the sacrum and ventral sacral nn.

A

lateral sacral a (# of them)

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9
Q

This is a posterior branch of internal iliac that runs btw L5 and S1 nerves to enter the gluteal region superior to piriformis m.

A

superior gluteal a.

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10
Q

The superior gluteal a. supplies _______ mm with superior gluteal nn.

A

gluteal

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11
Q

The superior gluteal a. exits what foramen?

A

greater sciatic foramen

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12
Q

Exiting the greater sciatic foramen = exiting the _____ ______

A

pelvic cavity

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13
Q

This anterior branch of internal iliac runs btw S2 & S3 (s1 & s2) nerves inferior to piriformis m.

A

inferior gluteal a.

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14
Q

The inferior gluteal a. supplies _______ mm with inferior gluteal nn

A

gluteal

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15
Q

The Superior & Inferior gluteal aa. (travel w/ nnn. of same name) exit the pelvis via the ____ ______ foramen

A

greater sciatic

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16
Q

The _____ ______ a runs with pudenal n and exits the pelvis thru the ______ _____ foramen

A
  • internal pudendal (Ant. branch)

- greater sciatic

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17
Q

The internal pudendal a. enters the gluteal region _________ to prififormis, crosses over ________ ligament and re-enters the pelvis thru _____ _____ foramen

A
  • inferiormedially
  • sacrospinous
  • lesser sciatic
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18
Q

The internal pudendal a. supplies the perineum (___ & _____ ____)

A

UG & anal ∆

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19
Q

The ______ _____ contains the internal pudendal a & pudendal n back in pelvis

A

pudendal canal

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20
Q

The pudendal canal is formed by fascia of _______ _____ m.

A

obturator internus

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21
Q

What is the path of the pudendal canal? What does it supply?

A
  • runs anteriorly along ischiopubic ramus (toward UG ∆)

- UG

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22
Q

The _______ a runs toward ant. abd. wall and sends off 3-4 _______ ______ a to the bladder and terminates as medial umbilical ligament

A
  • umbilical a (ant branch)

- superior vesical a

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23
Q

The _______ a runs thru the obturator canal to supply the ______ thigh (aDductor compartment) with obturator n.

A
  • obturator (Ant branch)

- medial

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24
Q

The obturator n travels medial to ______ m from the lumbar plexus

A

psoas

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25
Q

The obturator a. anastomoses with what vessels?

A

inferior epigastric vessels

- variable, may be arterial, venous or both)

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26
Q

What is meant by corona mortis “crown of death”?

A
  • obturator a. anastomoses w/ inferior epigastric
  • damage to them opens internal & ext. iliac systems (close to bifurcation)
  • can cause death in min.
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27
Q

The _______ a is found in females and anastomoses w/ ovarian a. from aorta

A

uterine a. (Ant. branch)

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28
Q

The uterine a. supplies the ______, _____, & ______ _______ canal

A
  • uterus
  • cervix
  • superior vaginal canal
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29
Q

The ureter runs immediately below (inferior) which artery?

A

-uterine a (water under bridge)

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30
Q

The ______ a in females supplies the inferior vagina, adj bladder and rectum

A

vaginal (Ant branch)

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31
Q

In males the _____ ______ a supplies the posterior inferior bladder, ureter, seminal vesicle and prostate

A

inferior vesical (Ant branch)

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32
Q

The ureter runs above which arteries?

A

vaginal (females), inferior vesical (males)

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33
Q

This anterior branch of internal iliac a supplies the rectum

A

middle rectal a

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34
Q

The middle rectal a anastomoses w/ _____ ______ a from IMA & _______ ______ a from internal pudendal a.

A
  • superior rectal

- inferior rectal

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35
Q

The ureter runs between which 2 arteries in females?

A
  • uterine a

- vaginal a

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36
Q

What happens during an hysterectomy?

A
  • uterus is removed and uterine a. is tied off
37
Q

What can happen during a hysterectomy?

A
  • ureter running btw uterine and vaginal a can be cut accidentally, causing serious complications
  • no evacuation from that side of kidney (kidney stones)
38
Q

What is the major vein of venous drainage of the pelvis?

A

internal iliac vv. ( pelvic venous plexus) (all aa accompanied by vv. of same name)

39
Q

Most venous drainage ultimately returns to the ____

A

IVC

40
Q

What venous system is involved in hypertension and anastomoses?

A

portal venous

41
Q

The ____ venous plexus is a portal caval anastomosis

A

rectal

42
Q

What is a venous network that surrounds the bladder, prostate or uterus & rectum?

A

pelvic venous plexus

43
Q

The pelvic venous plexuses intercommunicate ______ to forming named vv.

A

prior

44
Q

What are the clinical significance of the intercommunication of the pelvic venous plexus?

A
  • transportation of tumor cells or venous hypertension (free access thru venous plexus)
45
Q

Venous plexuses are _______

A

valveless

46
Q

The sacral plexus is ______ innervation

A

somatic (S2-4)

47
Q

What are the nerves of the sacral plexus (L4-S4)?

A
  • sciatic & gluteal nn

- pudendal

48
Q

What type of innervation are the autonomic plexuses?

A

Autonomic

  • sympathetic
  • parasympathetic
49
Q

___ - ____ forms the lumbosacral trunk & crosses over sacral ala to descend into pelvic cavity to form sciatic nerve

A

L4-5

50
Q

___ emerges above piriformis m.

A

S1

51
Q

____ & ____ emerge thru piriformis m.

A

S2 & S3

52
Q

___ - ___ contribute to the pudendal n.

A

S2-4

53
Q

___ - ___ form sciatic & gluteal nn.

A

L4 - S3

54
Q

___ - ____ form obturator n that travels from lumbar plexus down into pelvic cavity

A

L2-4

55
Q

Which levels of the spinal cord form the sacral plexus?

A

L4-S4

56
Q

What three trunks form the sacral plexus?

A
  • lumbosacral
  • sympathetic
  • sciatic
57
Q

The ______ plexus is composed of the anterior rami of lumbar spinal nerves, revealed by the removal of the psoas m.

A

lumbar

58
Q

The sympathetic fibers of the autonomic plexus of the pelvis originate at ____ - ____ ( ) prevertebral plexus and exit at ___ - ____ as ______ ______ nn

A
  • T10-L2(3)
  • S2-4
  • sacral splanchnic nn.
59
Q

Sympathetic fibers are lateral to the vertebral column and become ____ when the enter into the pelvic cavity

A

medial (anterior to vertebral bodies)

60
Q

The preganglionic parasympathetic fibers exit at ___ - ____ as _____ _____ nn

A
  • S2-4

- pelvic splanchnic nn.

61
Q

The superior hypogastric plexus contains mostly ____ fibers that cover the bifurcation of the _____ & ______ sacrum

A
  • sympathetic
  • aorta
  • upper
62
Q

The superior hypogastric plexus condenses to form 2 _____ nn

A

hypogastric

63
Q

pelvic parasympathetics _____ to supply the hindgut and splenic flexure

A

ascend

64
Q

The hypogastric n to inferior plexus contains mostly _____ fibers that diverge & curve outward ______ to _____

A
  • sympathetic (has some psymp too)
  • bilateral
  • rectum
65
Q

The hypogastric nere expands to form the _____ ____ plexus

A

inferior hypogastric pelxus

66
Q

The hypogastric n join pelvic splanchnic & sacral splanchnic to form the _______ _______ _____

A

-inferior hypogastric plexus

67
Q

_____ _____ _____ exit chain carrying sympathetic fibers

A

gray rami communicans

68
Q

The inferior hypogastric plexus contains ____ & _____ fibers

A
  • sympathetic

- p symp

69
Q

The inferior hypogastric plexus is found covering pelvic viscera ______

A

bilaterally

70
Q

What is the main autonomic plexus of the pelvis?

A

inferior hypogastric plexus

71
Q

The lumbar plexus is from anterior rami ____ - ___

A

L1-4

72
Q

The sacral plexus is from anterior rami ____ - ____

A

L4-S4

73
Q

S2-4 pelvic splanchinic nerves (psymp) continue to inferior hypogastric plexus then ascend on _____ ______ _____

A

superior hypogastric plexus

74
Q

In the thorax, sympathetic chains are ______ to vertebrae then move ______ as they descend

A
  • lateral

- medial

75
Q

The pelvic sympathetic chain fibers are _____ to sacral foramen and converge & terminate ______ to coccyx as ______ _____

A
  • medial
  • anterior
  • ganglion impar
76
Q

______ _____ nn are tiny sympathetic fibers off sympathetic chain

A

sacral splanchnic nn.

77
Q

_____ _____ nn are tiny p-symp fibers off S2-4

A

pelvic splanchnic nn

78
Q

Sacral and pelvic splanchnic nn enter the ____ ______ plexus and travel on arterial brs. to _____ _____

A
  • inferior hypogastric plexus

- pelvic organs

79
Q

The splanchnic nn. are closely related to _____ _____ & _____

A
  • lateral rectum

- uterus

80
Q

The splanchnic nn are easily injured during ____ surgery or radical _______ and results in impaired _____ control or ______ function

A
  • rectal
  • hysterectomy
  • bladder
  • sexual
81
Q

The abdominopelvic lymphatic vessels and nodes lie along ____, _____ & _____ _____

A
  • aorta
  • IVC
  • iliac vessels
82
Q

Lymphatic drainage generally moves ______ to _____ then _____ thru vessels, nodes, and cisterna

A
  • superficial to deep

- superiorly

83
Q

What is the drainage below umbilicus?

A

-superficial below umbilicus, inferiorly to inguinal then deep then superiorly exception

84
Q

What is the drainage above umbilicus?

A

superficial to deep then superior

85
Q

Each organ has its ____ lymphatic drainage

A

own

86
Q

Large cisterna chyli are found btw _____ @ SM area

A

kidneys

87
Q

The ______ _____ duct drains __ head & neck; __ UL and __ upper thorax

A
  • right lymphatic

- R

88
Q

The _____ duct drains __ head & neck; __ UL; remainder of thorax; _____, _____, LLs

A
  • thoracic (left jugular lymphatic duct)
  • L
  • abdomen
  • pelvis

Anatomy (12 decks)

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