Peritoneum

Question 1

What type of tissue is the peritoneum?

Answer 1

Serous membrane

Question 2

What are the layers of the peritoneum?

Answer 2

Parietal peritoneum

Visceral peritoneum

Question 3

How are the parietal and visceral peritoneum related to each other?

Answer 3

They are continuous with each other

Question 4

What does the parietal perioneum line?

Answer 4

The inner surace of the abdominal wall

Question 5

What does the visceral peritoneum line?

Answer 5

Some abdominal viscera

Question 6

What are the different relationships between the peritoneum and the abdominal viscera?

Answer 6

Intraperitoneal

Retroperitoneal

Question 7

What is meant by intraperitoneal viscera?

Answer 7

Viscera that are completely covered with visceral peritoneum

Question 8

What are some examples of intraperitoneal viscera?

Answer 8

Liver

Stomach

Spleen

Jejunum

Ileum

Transverse colon

Question 9

What is meant by retroperitoneal vsicera?

Answer 9

Viscera whose anterior surface is covered with paritetal peritoneum

Question 10

What are the types of retroperitoneal viscera?

Answer 10

Primarily retroperitoneal

Secondarily retroperitoneal

Question 11

What are primarily retroperitoneal viscera?

Answer 11

Viscera that developed outside of the parietal peritoneum and remain outside of it

Question 12

What are secondarily retroperitoneal viscera?

Answer 12

Viscera that were initially intraperitoneal, suspended by mesentery
but became retroperitoneal
during development

Question 13

How do secondarily retroperitoneal viscera become retroperitoneal from being initially intraperitoneal?

Answer 13

Growth of other viscera pushes them posteriorly

their mesentery fuses with the posterior abdominal wall

Question 14

What is formed by the fusion between mesentery of secondarily retroperitoneal viscera and the posterior abdominal wall?

Answer 14

Fusion fascia

Question 15

What are some examples of retroperitoneal viscera?

Answer 15

Suprarenal glands

Aorta

Duodenum

Pancreas

Ureters

Colon - ascending and descending

Kidneys

Esophagus

Rectum

Question 16

What are some examples secondarily retroperitoneal viscera?

Answer 16

Duodenum

Pancreas

Ascending colon

Descending colon

Question 17

What is a mesentery?

Answer 17

Double layer of peritoneum

between visceral and parietal peritoneum on posterior abdominal wall

Question 18

How do mesenteries form?

Answer 18

Parietal peritoneum reflects off posterior abdominal wall to viscera
wraps around viscera as visceral peritoneum
reflects off viscera back to posterior abdominal wall

Question 19

What do mesenteries carry?

Answer 19

Neurovascular supply to organ

Question 20

How are the mesenteries of different organs named?

Answer 20

Small intestine - mesentery

Other organs - meso-name of organ

Question 21

What is an omentum?

Answer 21

Multiple layers of peritoneum
between the stomach, proximal part of duodenum
and other organs

Question 22

What are the different omenta?

Answer 22

Greater omentum

Lesser omentum

Question 23

What exactly does the greater omentum run between?

Answer 23

Greater curvature of stomach, proximal part of duodenum

and anterior surface of transverse colon

Question 24

How is the greater omentum formed?

Answer 24

Visceral peritoneum surrounding stomach reflects off greater curvature of stomach
descends down
folds on itself
ascends up
attaches to anterior surface of transverse colon as visceral peritoneum

Question 25

What are the parts of the greater omentum?

Answer 25

Gastrophrenic ligament Gastrosplenic ligament Gastrocolic ligament

Question 26

What are peritoneal ligaments?

Answer 26

Double layers of peritoneum | connecting viscera together, or connecting viscera to abdominal wall

Question 27

What exactly does the gastrophrenic ligament run between?

Answer 27

Greater curvature of stomach Inferior surface of diaphragm

Question 28

What exactly does the gastrosplenic ligament run between?

Answer 28

Greater curvature of stomach Hilum of spleen

Question 29

What exactly does the gastrocolic ligament run between?

Answer 29

Gtreater curvature of stomach Anterior surface of transverse colon

Question 30

What are the functions of the greater omentum?

Answer 30

Fat deposition Immune function Infection control

Question 31

How does the greater omentum have an infection control function?

Answer 31

Migrates to and wraps around infected organs | to prevent spread of infection physically

Question 32

What exactly does the lesser omentum run between?

Answer 32

Lesser curvature of stomach, proximal part of duodenum Liver

Question 33

How is the lesser omentum formed?

Answer 33

Visceral peritoneum surrounding stomach reflects off lesser curvature of stomach ascends up to liver attaches to liver as visceral peritoneum

Question 34

What are the parts of the lesser omentum?

Answer 34

Gastrohepatic ligament Hepatoduodenal ligament

Question 35

What does the hepatoduodenal ligament contain?

Answer 35

Portal triad

Question 36

What is the portal triad made up of?

Answer 36

Portal vein Hepatic artery Bile duct