Inguinal canal, Hesselbach triangle, femoral canal

Question 1

What is the inguinal canal?

Answer 1

Short passageway going infero-medially through the inferior part of the abdominal wall

Question 2

Where is the inguinal canal located?

Answer 2

Inferior part of abdominal wall

superior to inguinal ligament

Question 3

What are the walls of the inguinal canal?

Answer 3

Anterior wall

Posterior wall

Roof

Floor

Question 4

What is the anterior wall of the inguinal canal?

Answer 4

Aponeurosis of external oblique

Question 5

What is the posterior wall of the inguinal canal?

Answer 5

Transversalis fascia

Conjoint tendon medially

Question 6

What forms the roof of the inguinal canal?

Answer 6

Internal oblique muscle

Transversus abdominis muscle

Question 7

What forms the floor of the inguinal canal?

Answer 7

Inguinal ligament (rolled up external oblique aponeurosis)

Lacunar ligament medially

Question 8

What are the openings of the inguinal canal?

Answer 8

Superficial ring

Deep ring

Question 9

What is the superficial ring of the inguinal canal?

Answer 9

Opening in aponeurosis of external oblique

Question 10

Where is the superficial ring of the inguinal canal located?

Answer 10

Superior to pubic tubercle

Question 11

What is the deep ring of the inguinal canal?

Answer 11

Opening in transversalis fascia

Question 12

Where is the deep ring of the inguinal canal located?

Answer 12

Above the midpoint of the inguinal ligament

Lateral to the inferior epigastric vessels

Question 13

What are the contents of the inguinal canal?

Answer 13

Males - spermatic cord

Females - round ligament of uterus

Question 14

What is the role of inguinal canal in male development?

Answer 14

Testes move from abdomen, through inguinal canal, to the scrotum

Question 15

What does the inguinal canal contain during male development?

Answer 15

Gubernaculum

Processus vaginals

Question 16

What is the processus vaginalis?

Answer 16

Pouch of peritoneum

Question 17

What happens to the processus vaginalis during development?

Answer 17

Part of it is pinched off and forms the tunica vaginalis

Rest of it obliterates

Question 18

What does an incompletely obliterated processus vaginalis lead to?

Answer 18

Increased risk of indirect inguinal hernia

Question 19

What is the conjoint tendon?

Answer 19

Internal oblique and transversus abdominis aponeuroses

Question 20

What is Hesselbach’s triangle?

Answer 20

Triangular area in anterior abdominal wall

Question 21

What are the borders of Hesselbach’s triangle?

Answer 21

Superior

Inferior

Medial

Question 22

What is the superior border of Hesselbach’s triangle?

Answer 22

Inferior epigastric vessels

Question 23

What is the inferior border of Hesselbach’s triangle?

Answer 23

Inguinal ligament

Question 24

What is the medial border of Hesselbach’s triangle?

Answer 24

Lateral border of rectus abdominis muscle

Question 25

Where is the femoral canal located?

Answer 25

Medial part of femoral sheath

Question 26

What are the borders of the femoral canal?

Answer 26

Anterior

Medial

Lateral

Question 27

What is the anterior border of the femoral canal?

Answer 27

Inguinal ligament

Question 28

What is the medial border of the femoral canal?

Answer 28

Lacunar ligament

Question 29

What is the lateral border of the femoral canal?

Answer 29

Femoral vein

Question 30

What is the opening to the femoral canal?

Answer 30

Femoral ring

Question 31

Where is the femoral ring located?

Answer 31

Superiorly to the femoral canal

Question 32

What are the contents of the femoral canal?

Answer 32

Empty space

Lymphatics

Loose connective tissue