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GI system anatomy > Layers of GI tract > Flashcards

Layers of GI tract Flashcards

1
Q

How many layers of the GI tract are there?

A

Four

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2
Q

What are the four layers of the GI tract, from inner to outer?

A

Mucosa

Submucosa

Muscularis externae

Peritoneum

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3
Q

How many layers of the mucosa are there?

A

Three

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4
Q

What are the three layers of the mucosa, from inner to outer?

A

Epithelium

Lamina propria

Muscularis mucosae

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5
Q

What type of epithelium lines the GI tract in the mucosa?

A

Stratified squamous in oesophagus and distal anus

Simple columnar in between

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6
Q

Why is there stratified squamous epithelium at the oesophagus and anus, but simple columnar in between?

A

At oesophagus and anus, contents passing through are harder and moving faster
and stratified squamous protects against abrasion

In between, lots of secretion and absorption

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7
Q

What are the functions of the epithelia in the GI tract?

A

Produces enzymes, for digestion

Produces mucus

Produces hormones, for control of GI tract

Selectively permeable barrier, for absorption

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8
Q

What is the lamina propria made up of?

A

Loose areolar connective tissue

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9
Q

What does the lamina propria contain in the GI tract?

A

Lymphoid nodules

Mucous glands

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10
Q

What are the functions of the lymphoid nodules in the lamina propria?

A

Produce IgA antibody

protects against infection

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11
Q

What are the functions of the muscualris mucosae in the GI tract?

A

Contracts to shape epithelial layer

to keep epithelial layer in contact with GI tract contents

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12
Q

What is the submucosa made up of?

A

Dense connective tissue

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13
Q

What does the submucosa contain in the GI tract?

A

Blood vessels, lymphatics

Nerves, submucosal plexus

Glands

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14
Q

How many layers of the muscularis externae are there?

A

Two

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15
Q

What are the layers of the muscularis externae?

A

Inner circular layer

Outer longitudinal layer

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16
Q

How does the inner circulayer layer run around the GI tract?

A

Runs around the circumference of the GI tract

17
Q

How does the outer longitudinal layer run around the GI tract?

A

Runs down the length of the GI tract

18
Q

What is located between the inner circular layer and outer longitudinal layer?

A

Myenteric plexus

19
Q

What is the peritoneum made up of?

A

Mesothelium

Connective tissue layer

20
Q

What is the mesothelium made up of?

A

Simple squamous epithelium

21
Q

What does the connective tissue of the peritoneum contain?

A

Blood vessels and nerves

22
Q

What does the mesothelium do?

A

Secretes lubricating fluid

23
Q

What does the connective tissue of the peritoneum do?

A

Attaches the mesothelium to adjacent tissues

GI system anatomy (21 decks)

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