Peripheral Vascular System- Lecture and Lab Info Flashcards
What pressure is associated with the arterial system?
Hydrostatic pressure
What pressure helps on the venous side?
Osmotic pressure (low) Pressure from proteins (albumin)
What are inguinal lymph nodes usually enlarged with?
STDs
When would all lymph nodes be enlarged?
AIDS
What is the most common symptoms of PAD?
Claudication
What are some risk factors for venous conditions?
Pregnancy
Supplemental estrogen
Sitting for a long period of time
Valves
What are risk factors for PAD if 50 or under
Diabetes or atherosclerosis risk factor of smoking, dyslipidemia, hypertension or hyperhomocysteinemia
Who is at risk for PAD at age 70 and older?
Everyone
In ages 50 to 69, what are the risk factors for PAD?
history of smoking or diabetes
In what condition (besides PAD) can you see an abnormal ABI?
Coarctation of the aorta
At what size will a AAA be surgically removed?
5.5 cm
What can cause secondary hypertension?
Problems with the renal artery
In PAD what malleolus is more likely to be affected?
Lateral
In what condition will there be a point of injury and the site of injury will be hot to the touch?
Cellulitis
When measuring for edema, the difference between ankles should be no more than…
1 cm
When measuring for edema, the difference b/w calfs should be no more than…
2 cm
What is a bounding pulse classified as?
3+
What is a brisk, expected normal pulse classified as?
2+
What is an absent pulse classified as?
0
What is a diminished, weaker than normal pulse classified as?
1+
What are the ROS for peripheral vascular system?
lower extremity edema, claudication, skin changes suggestive of venous or arterial insufficiency
What is malignant hypertension?
Hypertensive emergency of when there is progressive end organ changes
What would constitute a screen for renal artery disease if <30
Hypertension
What conditions are suspicious for renal artery disease?
Accelerated, resistant, or malignant hypertension
Worsening of renal function or worsening after use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor
unexplained small kidney
sudden unexplained pulmonary edema
What are some risk factors for a AAA?
Age 65 or older Family history CAD, PAD hypertension Hyperlipidemia
Who gets a one time screening for a AAA?
Men aged 65-75 with history of having ever smoked
What would be an abnormal result on an abdominojugular reflux test?
sustained rise of blood in jugular column
What does the Allen test check?
Radial and Ulnar artery patency
What is pulse pressure?
Systolic- diastolic
What should pulse pressure be?
30-40 mm Hg
What causes a diminished PP
Decreased stroke volume
Heart failure
Hypovolemia
Severe aortic stenosis
What causes an increased pulse pressure?
Increased stroke volume: exercise, fever, anemia, hyperthyroid Decreased compliance (aging, atherosclerosis)
What type patient will you find sacral edema in?
Bed bound
What type pain has a tendency to radiate down?
Neurological
What pressure do jugular vein pulsations reflect?
Right atrium
JVP increases with….
Inspiration
Which internal jugular vein is often easiest to see?
Right
What is a positive result for HJR?
> 4 cm
Which pulse should you auscultation before you palpate? Why?
Carotid, detect presence of bruits
What causes pitting edema?
Loss of intravascular oncotic pressure
What causes lymphedema
Lymph channel obstruction due to tumor, inflammation, lymph node dissection or radiation
How do you perform the Abdominojugular (aka hepatojugular) reflux test?
10-15 seconds of steady pressure w/ heel of hand on RUQ below costal margin
Observe for rise of blood column in jugular
Abnormal= sustained rise
What is Raynaud’s phenomenon secondary to?
Collagen disease
What type bacterial is lymphangitis caused by?
Strep
