Bates Chapter 16 Flashcards
What systemic disorder can a butterfly rash on the cheeks along with joint pain indicate ?
Systemic lupus erythematous
What systemic disorder can scaly rash and pitted nails of psoriasis indicate along with joint pain ? Seen on extensor surfaces
Psoriatic arthritis
What systemic disorder presents with a few papules, pustules, or vesicles on reddened bases, located on distal extremities along with joint pain .
Gonococcal arthritis
What systemic disease is expended by an expanding erythematous patch early in the illness along with joint pain ?
Lyme disease
What can hives along with joint pain indicate?
Serum sickness or drug reaction
What can symptoms of urethritis along with joint pain indicate?
Reiter’s syndrome (can’t see, can’t pee, can’t climb a tree) or possibly gonococcal arthritis
What can a mental status change along with facial or other weakness, stiff neck, and joint pain indicate?
Lyme disease
What can joint pain with diarrhea, abdominal pain, cramping indicate?
Arthritis with ulcerative colitis, regional enteritis, scleroderma
What can joint pain preceding a sore throat indicate?
Acute rheumatic fever or gonococcal arthritis
A T score (from the DXA scan) of what indicates osteoporosis?
Less than -2.5 (Greater than 2.5 standard deviations below the mean for adult white women)
If T scores are 1.0 to 2.5 standard deviations below the mean for young adult white women, what does that indicate?
Osteopenia
When is peak bone mass reached?
Age 30
What are Z scores used for when comparing DXA scores?
Age-matched controls. Useful when screening young people
How much calcium should individuals 19-50 take per day?
1000 mg/ day
How much calcium should women over the age of 50 and men over the age of 71 have per day?
1200 mg/day
How much Vitamin D should individual 19-71 have per day?
600 IU/ day
How much vitamin D should individuals over 71 have per day?
800 IU/ day
What are the two main forms of calcium supplements?
Calcium carbonate Calcium citrate (more easily absorbed)
Which parts of teh spine are concave?
Cervical
Lumbar
What parts of the spine are convex
Thoracic
Sacrococcygeal
What is a lateral deviation and rotation of the head from contraction of the SCM muscle?
Torticollis
In what conditions are “step-offs” felt on palpation? This condition is due to the forward slippage of one vertebrae which may compress the spinal cord.
Spondylolisthesis
What are recommended physical activity guidelines?
at least 2 hours and 30 minutes of moderate intensity or 1 hour and 15 minutes of vigorous-intensity, aerobic physical activity (of combination of equivalent)
Moderate or high intensity muscle strengthening activity that involves all major muscle groups on 2 or more days a week
What are a few risk factors for osteoporosis and fracture?
- prior fragility fracture
- postmenopausal
- > 50 y/o
- low dietary Ca
- vitamin D deficiency
- tobacco and ETOH use
- family history of fracture in 1st degree relative
- use of corticosteroids
What age is peak bone mass reached?
30 years
Whats is ligamentous laxity?
joint instability from excess mobility of joint ligaments
occurs with ACL during knee trauma
What are 4 signs of inflammation and arthritis?
swelling, warmth, redness, tenderness
What is diseases are associated with diffuse tenderness vs focal tenderness?
focal = injury
diffuse= infection, arthritis
What does tenderness over extensor and abductor tendons of the thumb at the radial styloid suggest?
de Quervain’s tenosynovitis
Gonococcal tenosynovities
The MCP joints are rarely involved in ______, but are often tender and boggy with _______.
osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis
What is stance?
when the foot is on the ground and bears weight; most hip problems occur here
What is swing?
when foot moves forward and does not bear weight
