Peripheral Nervous System Flashcards
What does the central nervous system consist of?
The brain and the spine
What does the peripheral nervous system consist of?
Everything that’s not the brain and spine
What is another name for sensory?
Afferent
What is included in the sensory?
- Sight
- Touch
- Hearing
- Tast
- Smell
What are the divisions of the peripheral nervous system?
- Motor
- Splits in to autonomic and somatic
- Autonomic splits into: Parasympathetic and sympathetic and enteric
What is another name for motor?
Efferent
What is the somatic effectors?
Skeletal muscles
Is the somatic response voluntary or involuntary?
Voluntary
Is the automatic response voluntary or involuntary?
Involuntary
What are the effectors involved in the automatic response?
Cardiac muscle/smooth muscle/exocrine glands/some endocrine glands/adipose tissue
What is the phrase used to explain the parasympathetic nervous system?
Rest and digest
What is the phrase used to explain the sympathetic nervous system?
Fight and flight
What are the effector for enteric?
Gastrointestinal tract
How many pairs of cranial nerves do we have in the brain?
12 pairs
What are the 12 pairs of cranial nerves?
- Olfactory
- Optic
- Trigeminal
- Facial
- Glossopharyngeal
- Vagus
- Accessory
- Hypoglossal
- Vestibulocochlear
- Abducens
- Trochlear
- Oculomotor
What are the intermediate nerve for sensory?
Soft palate and anterior tongue
What are the intermediate nerve for motor?
Sublingual and submaxillary gland
What type of nerve is olfactory?
Sensory - smell
What type of nerve is optic?
Sensory - sight
What type of nerve is trigeminal?
Sensory - face, sinuses and teeth
Motor - muscles of mastication
What type of nerve is facial?
Motor - muscle of the face
What type of nerve is glossopharyngeal?
Sensory - tonsil, pharynx, posterior tongue
Motor - Pharyngeal musculature
What type of nerve is vagus?
Sensory - Heart, lungs, bronchi, trachea, larynx, pharynx, GI tract, external ear
Motor - heart, lungs, bronchi, GI tract
What type of nerve is accessory?
Motor - sternocleidomastoid and trapezium muscles
What type of never is hypoglossal?
Motor - muscle of the tongue
What type of nerve is vestibulocohlear?
Sensory - inner ear
What type of nerve is abducens?
Motor - external rectus muscle
What type of nerve is trochlear?
Motor - Superior oblique muscle
What type of nerve is oculomotor?
All eye muscles expect for external rectus and superior oblique muscles
How many pairs of spinal nerves are there?
31 pairs
How is the spine split up?
- Brainstem
- Cervical
- Thoracic
- Lumbar
- Sacral
What are the sections in the brainstem?
iii,
vii,
ix,
x
What are the sections in the cervical?
C1, C2, C3, C4, C5, C6, C7, C8
What are the sections in the thoracic?
T1, T2, T3, T4, T5, T6, T7, T8, T9, T10, T11, T12
What are the sections in the lumbar?
L1, L2, L3, L4, L5
What are the sections in the sacral?
S1, S2, S3, S4, S5
What is the ganglion?
Cluster of neural bodies outside of the CNS
What are examples of sensory ganglia?
Dorsal root ganglion
Cranial nerves
What are examples of autonomic ganglia?
Sympathetic chain ganglia
Terminal ganglia
What are preganglionic neurones?
Neurons from brain stem and spinal neurones
What happens in the autonomic nervous system?
- Axon extends to and synapses with cell of 2nd neurones that lies in ganglion
- Axon of this neurones or postganglionic fibre supplies effector cells
What are the preganglionic neurons like in parasympathetic nervous system?
Long
What are the postganglionic neurons like in parasympathetic nervous system?
short
What are the preganglionic neurons like in sympathetic nervous system?
Short
What are the postganglionic neurons like in sympathetic nervous system?
Long
What is meant by a two neural chain?
preganglionic to postganglionic fibre
What are the sympathetic nerve fibre?
Lateral horn of thoracic/lumbar
What are the parasympathetic nerve fibre?
cranial/sacral areas of CNS